Netefatso

Fana ka maikutlo a bohlokoa, a sebetsang ho basebelisi ba hau ka netefatso ea liforomo tsa HTML5, o sebelisa mekhoa e sa fetoheng ea sebatli kapa mekhoa e ikhethileng le JavaScript.

Leqepheng lena

Rea tseba hore hajoale mekhoa ea netefatso ea litloaelo tsa bareki le lisebelisoa ha li fihlellehe, kaha ha li kopane le mahlale a thusang. Ha re ntse re sebetsa ka tharollo, re khothaletsa ho sebelisa khetho ea lehlakore la seva kapa mokhoa oa ho netefatsa sebatli sa kamehla.

Kamoo e sebetsang kateng

Mona ke kamoo netefatso ea foromo e sebetsang le Bootstrap:

Netefatso ea foromo ea HTML e sebelisoa ka lihlopha tse peli tsa pseudo tsa CSS, :invalidle :valid. E sebetsa ho <input>, <select>, le <textarea>likarolo.
Bootstrap e akaretsa :invalidle :validmekhoa ho sehlopha sa batsoali .was-validated, hangata e sebelisoa ho <form>. Ho seng joalo, sebaka se seng le se seng se hlokehang se se nang boleng se hlaha se fosahetse leqepheng la ho laeloa ha leqephe. Ka tsela ena, o ka khetha hore na o tla li sebelisa neng (hangata ka mor'a hore ho lekoe ho fana ka foromo).
Ho tsosolosa ponahalo ea foromo (mohlala, tabeng ea tlhahiso ea liforomo tse matla ka ho sebelisa AJAX), tlosa .was-validatedsehlopha <form>hape ka mor'a tlhahiso.
E le ho khutlela morao, .is-invalid'me .is-validlihlopha li ka sebelisoa ho e-na le lihlopha tsa pseudo bakeng sa ho netefatsa lehlakoreng la seva . Ha li hloke sehlopha .was-validatedsa batsoali.
Ka lebaka la lithibelo mabapi le hore na CSS e sebetsa joang, re ke ke (hajoale) re sebelisa mekhoa ho e <label>tlang pele ho taolo ea foromo ho DOM ntle le thuso ea JavaScript e tloaelehileng.
Libatli tsohle tsa sejoale-joale li tšehetsa API ea netefatso ea lithibelo , letoto la mekhoa ea JavaScript ea ho netefatsa litsamaiso tsa liforomo.
Melaetsa ea maikutlo e kanna ea sebelisa litlhophiso tsa sebatli (tse fapaneng bakeng sa sebatli se seng le se seng, 'me ha se setaele ka CSS) kapa mekhoa ea rona ea maikutlo ka HTML le CSS e eketsehileng.
O ka fana ka melaetsa ea netefatso ea tloaelo setCustomValidityka JavaScript.

U ntse u nahanne ka seo, nahana ka li-demos tse latelang bakeng sa mekhoa ea rona ea ho netefatsa liforomo tse tloaelehileng, litlelase tsa boikhethelo ba lehlakore la seva, le likhetho tsa sebatli.

Mekhoa e tloaelehileng

Bakeng sa melaetsa ea netefatso ea mokhoa oa Bootstrap, o tla hloka ho kenyelletsa novalidatesemelo sa boolean ho <form>. Sena se tima malebela a kamehla a sebatli, empa se ntse se fana ka phihlello ho li-API tsa netefatso ea liforomo ho JavaScript. Leka ho fana ka foromo e ka tlase; JavaScript ea rona e tla amohela konopo ea ho romella ebe e fetisetsa maikutlo ho uena. Ha u leka ho romela, u tla bona mekhoa :invalidle :validmekhoa e sebelisoang litaolong tsa foromo ea hau.

Mekhoa e ikhethileng ea maikutlo e sebelisa mebala e ikhethileng, meeli, mekhoa ea maikutlo, le litšoantšo tsa morao-rao ho fana ka maikutlo hamolemo. Matšoao a ka morao bakeng sa <select>s a fumaneha feela ka .form-select, eseng .form-control.

html

<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
      <div class="invalid-feedback">
        Please choose a username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
      <div class="invalid-feedback">
        You must agree before submitting.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(() => {
  'use strict'

  // Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
  const forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')

  // Loop over them and prevent submission
  Array.from(forms).forEach(form => {
    form.addEventListener('submit', event => {
      if (!form.checkValidity()) {
        event.preventDefault()
        event.stopPropagation()
      }

      form.classList.add('was-validated')
    }, false)
  })
})()

Mekhahlelo ea sebatli

Ha u khahlehele melaetsa ea maikutlo a netefatso kapa ho ngola JavaScript ho fetola boitšoaro ba sebopeho? Ho lokile, o ka sebelisa li-fafault tsa sebatli. Leka ho fana ka foromo e ka tlase. Ho ipapisitse le sebatli sa hau le OS, u tla bona maikutlo a fapaneng hanyane.

Le hoja mekhoa ena ea maikutlo e ke ke ea ngoloa ka CSS, u ntse u ka khona ho fetola mongolo oa maikutlo ka JavaScript.

html

<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername"  aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Lehlakore la seva

Re khothaletsa ho sebelisa netefatso ea lehlakore la bareki, empa haeba o hloka netefatso ea lehlakore la seva, o ka bonts'a likarolo tse sa sebetseng le tse sebetsang tsa foromo ka .is-invalidle .is-valid. Hlokomela hore .invalid-feedbacke boetse e tšehetsoa le lihlopha tsena.

Bakeng sa likarolo tse sa nepahaleng, etsa bonnete ba hore molaetsa o fosahetseng oa maikutlo/molaetsa oa phoso o amahanngoa le karolo e amehang ea foromo e sebelisoang aria-describedby(ho hlokomela hore tšobotsi ena e lumella batho ba fetang bo le bong idhore ba hlalosoe, haeba sebaka se se se ntse se supa ho mongolo oa tlatsetso).

Ho lokisa litaba ka radius ea moeli , lihlopha tsa ho kenya li hloka sehlopha se eketsehileng .has-validation.

html

<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3 validationServerUsernameFeedback" required>
      <div id="validationServerUsernameFeedback" class="invalid-feedback">
        Please choose a username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" aria-describedby="validationServer03Feedback" required>
    <div id="validationServer03Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" aria-describedby="validationServer04Feedback" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div id="validationServer04Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" aria-describedby="validationServer05Feedback" required>
    <div id="validationServer05Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" aria-describedby="invalidCheck3Feedback" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
      <div id="invalidCheck3Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
        You must agree before submitting.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Lintlha tse tšehelitsoeng

Litaelo tsa netefatso li teng bakeng sa taolo le likarolo tse latelang tsa liforomo:

<input>s le <textarea>s le .form-control(ho kenyeletsoa ho a le mong .form-controlka lihlopha tsa ho kenya letsoho)
<select>s le.form-select
.form-checks

html

<form class="was-validated">
  <div class="mb-3">
    <label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
    <textarea class="form-control" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please enter a message in the textarea.
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="form-check mb-3">
    <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="form-check">
    <input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
  </div>
  <div class="form-check mb-3">
    <input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
      <option value="">Open this select menu</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <input type="file" class="form-control" aria-label="file example" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Lisebelisoa

Haeba sebopeho sa foromo ea hau se u lumella, u ka fapanyetsana .{valid|invalid}-feedbacklitlelase bakeng sa .{valid|invalid}-tooltiplitlelase ho hlahisa maikutlo a netefatso ka har'a sesebelisoa sa setaele. Etsa bonnete ba hore u na le motsoali ea nang le position: relativeeona bakeng sa boemo ba lisebelisoa. Mohlala o ka tlase, litlelase tsa rona li se li ntse li e-na le sena, empa morero oa hau o ka hloka mokhoa o mong oa ho seta.

html

<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-tooltip">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-tooltip">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
      <div class="invalid-tooltip">
        Please choose a unique and valid username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Sass

Lintho tse fapaneng

$form-feedback-margin-top:          $form-text-margin-top;
$form-feedback-font-size:           $form-text-font-size;
$form-feedback-font-style:          $form-text-font-style;
$form-feedback-valid-color:         $success;
$form-feedback-invalid-color:       $danger;

$form-feedback-icon-valid-color:    $form-feedback-valid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-valid:          url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'><path fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-valid-color}' d='M2.3 6.73.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/></svg>");
$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color:  $form-feedback-invalid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-invalid:        url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}'><circle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/><path stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/><circle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}' stroke='none'/></svg>");

Metsoako

Metsoako e 'meli e kopantsoe hammoho, ka loop ea rona , ho hlahisa mekhoa ea rona ea ho netefatsa liforomo.

@mixin form-validation-state-selector($state) {
  @if ($state == "valid" or $state == "invalid") {
    .was-validated #{if(&, "&", "")}:#{$state},
    #{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
      @content;
    }
  } @else {
    #{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
      @content;
    }
  }
}

@mixin form-validation-state(
  $state,
  $color,
  $icon,
  $tooltip-color: color-contrast($color),
  $tooltip-bg-color: rgba($color, $form-feedback-tooltip-opacity),
  $focus-box-shadow: 0 0 $input-btn-focus-blur $input-focus-width rgba($color, $input-btn-focus-color-opacity)
) {
  .#{$state}-feedback {
    display: none;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: $form-feedback-margin-top;
    @include font-size($form-feedback-font-size);
    font-style: $form-feedback-font-style;
    color: $color;
  }

  .#{$state}-tooltip {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    z-index: 5;
    display: none;
    max-width: 100%; // Contain to parent when possible
    padding: $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-y $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-x;
    margin-top: .1rem;
    @include font-size($form-feedback-tooltip-font-size);
    line-height: $form-feedback-tooltip-line-height;
    color: $tooltip-color;
    background-color: $tooltip-bg-color;
    @include border-radius($form-feedback-tooltip-border-radius);
  }

  @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
    ~ .#{$state}-feedback,
    ~ .#{$state}-tooltip {
      display: block;
    }
  }

  .form-control {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        padding-right: $input-height-inner;
        background-image: escape-svg($icon);
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: right $input-height-inner-quarter center;
        background-size: $input-height-inner-half $input-height-inner-half;
      }

      &:focus {
        border-color: $color;
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }
    }
  }

  // stylelint-disable-next-line selector-no-qualifying-type
  textarea.form-control {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        padding-right: $input-height-inner;
        background-position: top $input-height-inner-quarter right $input-height-inner-quarter;
      }
    }
  }

  .form-select {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        &:not([multiple]):not([size]),
        &:not([multiple])[size="1"] {
          padding-right: $form-select-feedback-icon-padding-end;
          background-image: escape-svg($form-select-indicator), escape-svg($icon);
          background-position: $form-select-bg-position, $form-select-feedback-icon-position;
          background-size: $form-select-bg-size, $form-select-feedback-icon-size;
        }
      }

      &:focus {
        border-color: $color;
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }
    }
  }

  .form-control-color {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        width: add($form-color-width, $input-height-inner);
      }
    }
  }

  .form-check-input {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      &:checked {
        background-color: $color;
      }

      &:focus {
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }

      ~ .form-check-label {
        color: $color;
      }
    }
  }
  .form-check-inline .form-check-input {
    ~ .#{$state}-feedback {
      margin-left: .5em;
    }
  }

  .input-group {
    > .form-control:not(:focus),
    > .form-select:not(:focus),
    > .form-floating:not(:focus-within) {
      @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
        @if $state == "valid" {
          z-index: 3;
        } @else if $state == "invalid" {
          z-index: 4;
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

'Mapa

Ona ke netefatso ea 'mapa oa Sass ho tsoa ho _variables.scss. Fetola kapa u atolose sena ho hlahisa linaha tse fapaneng kapa tse ling.

$form-validation-states: (
  "valid": (
    "color": $form-feedback-valid-color,
    "icon": $form-feedback-icon-valid
  ),
  "invalid": (
    "color": $form-feedback-invalid-color,
    "icon": $form-feedback-icon-invalid
  )
);

'Mapa ea $form-validation-statese ka ba le litlhophiso tse tharo tsa boikhethelo ho hlakola lisebelisoa le mekhoa ea ho tsepamisa maikutlo.

Loop

E sebelisoa ho pheta-pheta $form-validation-statesboleng ba 'mapa ho hlahisa mekhoa ea rona ea netefatso. Liphetoho life kapa life 'mapeng o ka holimo oa Sass li tla hlaha ho CSS ea hau e hlophisitsoeng ka loop ena.

@each $state, $data in $form-validation-states {
  @include form-validation-state($state, $data...);
}

Ho iketsetsa

Lintlha tsa netefatso li ka etsoa ka mokhoa oa Sass ka ' $form-validation-statesmapa. E fumaneha faeleng ea rona _variables.scss, 'mapa ona oa Sass ke kamoo re hlahisang maemo a kamehla valid/ a invalidnetefatso. Ho kenyelelitsoe 'mapa o hlophisitsoeng bakeng sa ho ikhethela 'mala oa naha ka 'ngoe, letšoao, 'mala oa lisebelisoa, le moriti oa eona. Le ha ho se na linaha tse ling tse tšehetsoang ke libatli, ba sebelisang mekhoa e tloaelehileng ba ka eketsa maikutlo a rarahaneng habonolo.