Fa'asinomaga ma fa'alautele le Bootstrap ile LESS , o se CSS preprocessor, e fa'aoga lelei ai suiga, fa'afefiloi, ma isi mea fa'aoga e fausia ai le CSS a Bootstrap.
O le Bootstrap e faia i le LESS i lona autu, o se gagana sitaili malosi na fatuina e la tatou uo lelei, Alexis Sellier . E fa'atosina vave, faigofie, ma sili atu ona malie le atina'eina o CSS fa'avae.
I le avea ai ma faʻaopoopoga o le CSS, LESS e aofia ai fesuiaiga, faʻafefiloi mo snippets toe faʻaaogaina o code, faʻagaioiga mo numera faigofie, ofaga, ma e oʻo lava i galuega lanu.
O le fa'atonutonuina o lanu ma fa'ailoga pika i le CSS e mafai ona fai sina tiga, e masani ona tumu i kopi ma faapipii. E le o le LESS e ui lava-tuuina atu lanu poʻo tau pika e fai ma fesuiaiga ma sui tasi.
O ta'utinoga na e tolu tuaoi-radius e tatau ona e faia ile CSS masani? O lea ua o'o i lalo i le laina e tasi ma le fesoasoani a mixins, snippets of code e mafai ona e toe fa'aoga i so'o se mea.
Fai lau fa'asologa, ta'ita'i, ma sili atu ona fetu'una'i e ala i le faia o le numera i luga o le lele ma fa'agaioiga. Fa'atele, vaevae, fa'aopoopo, ma toesea lau ala ile CSS sanity.
@linkColor |  
         #08c | Lanu tusitusiga o feso'ota'iga masani | |
@linkColorHover |  
         darken(@linkColor, 15%) |  
         Lanu fa'afefe o tusitusiga feso'ota'iga | 
@gridColumns |  
         12 | 
@gridColumnWidth |  
         60px | 
@gridGutterWidth |  
         20px | 
@fluidGridColumnWidth |  
         6.382978723% | 
@fluidGridGutterWidth |  
         2.127659574% | 
@baseFontSize |  
         13px | |
@baseFontFamily |  
         "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif |  
         |
@baseLineHeight |  
         18px | 
@black |  
         #000 | |
@grayDarker |  
         #222 | |
@grayDark |  
         #333 | |
@gray |  
         #555 | |
@grayLight |  
         #999 | |
@grayLighter |  
         #eee | |
@white |  
         #fff | 
@blue |  
         #049cdb | |
@green |  
         #46a546 | |
@red |  
         #9d261d | |
@yellow |  
         #ffc40d | |
@orange |  
         #f89406 | |
@pink |  
         #c3325f | |
@purple |  
         #7a43b6 | 
@primaryButtonBackground |  
         @linkColor |  
         
@placeholderText |  
         @grayLight |  
         
@navbarHeight |  
         40px | |
@navbarBackground |  
         @grayDarker |  
         |
@navbarBackgroundHighlight |  
         @grayDark |  
         |
@navbarText |  
         @grayLight |  
         |
@navbarLinkColor |  
         @grayLight |  
         |
@navbarLinkColorHover |  
         @white |  
         
@warningText |  
         #f3edd2 | |
@warningBackground |  
         #c09853 | |
@errorText |  
         #b94a48 | |
@errorBackground |  
         #f2dede | |
@successText |  
         #468847 | |
@successBackground |  
         #dff0d8 | |
@infoText |  
         #3a87ad | |
@infoBackground |  
         #d9edf7 | 
O se fa'afefiloi fa'avae e matua'i aofia ai po'o se vaega mo se snippet o le CSS. E tusia e pei o se vasega CSS ma e mafai ona valaʻau i soʻo se mea.
- . elemene {
 - . clearfix ();
 - }
 
O se fa'afefiloiga fa'atutusa e pei lava o se fa'afefiloi fa'avae, ae na te talia fo'i fa'amaufa'ailoga (lea o le igoa) fa'atasi ai ma tau fa'aletonu e filifili ai.
- . elemene {
 - . tuaoi - radius ( 4px );
 - }
 
Toeitiiti lava o mea fa'afefiloi uma a Bootstrap o lo'o teuina i mixins.less, o se fa'aoga matagofie .less faila e mafai ai ona e fa'aogaina se mixin i so'o se faila .less i le meafaigaluega.
O lea, alu i luma ma faʻaoga mea o loʻo i ai pe lagona le saoloto e faʻaopoopo lau oe lava pe a manaʻomia.
| Mixin | Parameter | Fa'aoga | 
|---|---|---|
.clearfix() |  
       leai se tasi | Fa'aopoopo i so'o se matua e fa'amama fa'a'aeva i totonu | 
.tab-focus() |  
       leai se tasi | Fa'aoga le sitaili taula'i Webkit ma fa'ata'amilo le fa'asologa o Firefox | 
.center-block() |  
       leai se tasi | Fa'atotonu fa'atotonugalemu se elemene poloka-tulaga fa'aogamargin: auto |  
      
.ie7-inline-block() |  
       leai se tasi | Fa'aoga fa'aopoopo i taimi masani display: inline-blocke maua ai le lagolago IE7 |  
      
.size() |  
       @height: 5px, @width: 5px |  
       Seti vave le maualuga ma le lautele i luga o le laina e tasi | 
.square() |  
       @size: 5px |  
       Fausia i luga .size()e seti le lautele ma le maualuga e tutusa le tau |  
      
.opacity() |  
       @opacity: 100 |  
       Seti, i numera atoa, le pasene o le opacity (fa'ata'ita'iga, "50" po'o le "75") | 
| Mixin | Parameter | Fa'aoga | 
|---|---|---|
.placeholder() |  
       @color: @placeholderText |  
       Seti le placeholderlanu o tusitusiga mo mea e fai |  
      
| Mixin | Parameter | Fa'aoga | 
|---|---|---|
#font > #family > .serif() |  
       leai se tasi | Faia se elemene e fa'aaoga ai se fa'aputuga mata'itusi serif | 
#font > #family > .sans-serif() |  
       leai se tasi | Fai se elemene e fa'aaoga ai se fa'aputuga vaitusi sans-serif | 
#font > #family > .monospace() |  
       leai se tasi | Fai se elemene e fa'aaoga ai se fa'aputuga vaitusi monospace | 
#font > .shorthand() |  
       @size: @baseFontSize, @weight: normal, @lineHeight: @baseLineHeight |  
       Fa'afaigofie ona seti le lapo'a, mamafa, ma le ta'ita'iga | 
#font > .serif() |  
       @size: @baseFontSize, @weight: normal, @lineHeight: @baseLineHeight |  
       Seti le font family i serif, ma pulea le tele, mamafa, ma le taʻitaʻia | 
#font > .sans-serif() |  
       @size: @baseFontSize, @weight: normal, @lineHeight: @baseLineHeight |  
       Seti le font family i le sans-serif, ma pulea le tele, mamafa, ma le taʻitaʻia | 
#font > .monospace() |  
       @size: @baseFontSize, @weight: normal, @lineHeight: @baseLineHeight |  
       Seti le font family i le monospace, ma pulea le tele, mamafa, ma le taʻitaʻia | 
| Mixin | Parameter | Fa'aoga | 
|---|---|---|
.container-fixed() |  
       leai se tasi | Tuuina atu se pusa-lautele (seti ma @siteWidth) pusa mo le uuina o au mea |  
      
.columns() |  
       @columns: 1 |  
       Fausia se koluma fa'ata'oto e va'ava'ai so'o se numera o koluma (fa'agaoioi ile 1 koluma) | 
.offset() |  
       @columns: 1 |  
       Fa'aeseese se koluma fa'ata'ita'i fa'atasi ma le itu agavale e so'o se numera o koluma | 
.gridColumn() |  
       leai se tasi | Fai se elemene opeopea e pei o se koluma laina | 
| Mixin | Parameter | Fa'aoga | 
|---|---|---|
.border-radius() |  
       @radius: 5px |  
       Fa'ata'amilo tulimanu o se elemene. E mafai ona avea ma se tau e tasi pe fa avanoa vaeluaga | 
.box-shadow() |  
       @shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25) |  
       Fa'aopoopo se ata lafoia i se elemene | 
.transition() |  
       @transition |  
       Fa'aopoopo le CSS3 fa'agasologa o suiga (fa'ata'ita'iga, all .2s linear) |  
      
.rotate() |  
       @degrees |  
       Su'e se elemene n tikeri | 
.scale() |  
       @ratio |  
       Fua se elemene i le n taimi o lona lapopoa muamua | 
.translate() |  
       @x: 0, @y: 0 |  
       Fa'agaioi se elemene i le x ma le y vaalele | 
.background-clip() |  
       @clip |  
       Oti le pito i tua o se elemene (aoga mo border-radius) |  
      
.background-size() |  
       @size |  
       Puleaina le tele o ata pito i tua e ala i le CSS3 | 
.box-sizing() |  
       @boxmodel |  
       Suia le faʻataʻitaʻiga pusa mo se elemene (faʻataʻitaʻiga, border-boxmo le lautele lautele input) |  
      
.user-select() |  
       @select |  
       Pulea le filifiliga o le fa'ailo o tusitusiga i luga o se itulau | 
.resizable() |  
       @direction: both |  
       Fai so'o se elemene e mafai ona sui i le taumatau ma le pito i lalo | 
.content-columns() |  
       @columnCount, @columnGap: @gridColumnGutter |  
       Fa'aoga mea o so'o se elemene e fa'aoga ai koluma CSS3 | 
| Mixin | Parameter | Fa'aoga | 
|---|---|---|
.#translucent > .background() |  
       @color: @white, @alpha: 1 |  
       Tu'u i se elemene se lanu felanulanua'i | 
.#translucent > .border() |  
       @color: @white, @alpha: 1 |  
       Tu'u i se elemene se lanu felanulanua'i tuaoi | 
.#gradient > .vertical() |  
       @startColor, @endColor |  
       Fausia se koluse su'esu'e fa'asa'o fa'ala'au fa'amasani | 
.#gradient > .horizontal() |  
       @startColor, @endColor |  
       Fausia se kolosi su'esu'e fa'ata'amilo fa'ala'au fa'ala'au fa'ala'au | 
.#gradient > .directional() |  
       @startColor, @endColor, @deg |  
       Fausia se fa'ase'e fa'asinoala i tua | 
.#gradient > .vertical-three-colors() |  
       @startColor, @midColor, @colorStop, @endColor |  
       Fausia se koluse su'esu'e e tolu-lanu fa'amasani pito i tua | 
.#gradient > .radial() |  
       @innerColor, @outerColor |  
       Fausia se fa'ase'e fa'aala'au fa'a'ala'au fa'a'ala'au su'esu'e | 
.#gradient > .striped() |  
       @color, @angle |  
       Fausia se koluse su'e su'esu'e fa'asolo fa'a'ala'au fa'amasani | 
.#gradientBar() |  
       @primaryColor, @secondaryColor |  
       Fa'aoga mo fa'amau e tu'u ai se tuaoi fa'alili ma teisi pogisa | 
Faʻapipiʻi le LESS command line compiler ma npm e ala i le faʻatonuina o le poloaiga lenei:
$ npm faʻapipiʻi itiiti
A mae'a fa'apipi'i na'o le tamo'e makemai le a'a o lau bootstrap directory ma ua e seti uma.
E le gata i lea, afai o loʻo e faʻapipiʻi le vaʻavaʻai , e mafai ona e tamoe make watche toe fausia otometi le bootstrap i taimi uma e te faʻasaʻo ai se faila i le bootstrap lib (e le manaʻomia, naʻo se auala faigofie).
Faʻapipiʻi le LESS command line tool e ala i le Node ma faʻatautaia le poloaiga lenei:
$ lessc ./lib/bootstrap.less > bootstrap.css
Ia mautinoa e aofia --compressi lena poloaiga pe afai o loʻo e taumafai e faʻasaoina ni paita!
Sii mai le Less.js lata mai ma aofia ai le ala i ai (ma Bootstrap) i le <head>.
<link rel = "stylesheet/less" href = "/path/to/bootstrap.less" > <script src = "/path/to/less.js" ></script>
Ina ia toe fa'aopoopo faila .less, na'o le fa'asaoina ma toe uta lau itulau. Less.js e tu'ufa'atasia ma teu i totonu o le fale teu oloa.
O le Mac app e le'o aloaia e mata'ituina fa'atonuga o faila .less ma tu'ufa'atasia le code i faila fa'apitonu'u pe a mae'a fa'asaoina uma se faila .less mata'ituina.
Afai e te manaʻo ai, e mafai ona e fesuiaʻi mea e te manaʻo i ai i totonu o le app mo le faʻaitiitia otometi ma poʻo fea le lisi o faila tuʻufaʻatasia e iʻu i totonu.
O le Crunch o se fa'atonu sili ona lelei LESS ma fa'apipi'i na fausia ile Adobe Air.
Faia e le tagata lava e tasi e pei o le Mac app le aloaia, CodeKit o se Mac app e tuufaatasia LESS, SASS, Stylus, ma CoffeeScript.
Mac, Linux, ma le PC app mo le toso ma le pa'u le tuufaatasia o faila LESS. Ma le isi, o le source code o loʻo i luga ole GitHub .