Panangkita iti pakabuklan

Dagiti paset ken dagiti pagpilian para iti panangiplastar ti proyektom ti Bootstrap, a mairaman dagiti pagkargaan ti panagbalkot, ti nabileg a sistema ti grid, ti nalaka a maibagay a banag ti media, ken dagiti makasungbat a klase ti utilidad.

Dagiti Pagkargaan

Dagiti pagkargaan ket isu dagiti kangrunaan nga elemento ti layout iti Bootstrap ken kasapulan no agus-usar ti default a sistematayo ti grid . Pilien manipud iti makasungbat, naikeddeng-kalawa a pagkargaan (kayatna a sawen dagiti max-widthpanagbalbaliwna iti tunggal breakpoint) wenno pluido-kalawa (kayatna a sawen a 100%nalawa dayta iti amin a tiempo).

Bayat a dagiti pagkargaan ket mabalin a mai-nest, kaaduan kadagiti layout ket saan a kasapulan ti naisanglad a pagkargaan.

<div class="container">
  <!-- Content here -->
</div>

Usaren .container-fluidpara iti naan-anay a kalawa a pagkargaan, a mangsaklaw ti sibubukel a kalawa ti viewport.

<div class="container-fluid">
  ...
</div>

Dagiti makasungbat a breakpoint

Gapu ta ti Bootstrap ket naaramid tapno umuna a mobile, agus-usarkami iti sumagmamano a panagsaludsod ti media tapno mangpartuat kadagiti nainsiriban a breakpoint para kadagiti layout ken interfacemi. Dagitoy a breakpoint ket kaaduan a naibatay kadagiti kabassitan a kalawa ti viewport ken mangipalubos kadakami a mang-scale kadagiti elemento bayat nga agbaliw ti viewport.

Ti Bootstrap ket nangruna nga agus-usar kadagiti sumaganad a sakop ti panagsaludsod ti media—wenno dagiti breakpoint—kadagiti taudan a Sass a papelestayo para iti layouttayo, sistema ti grid, ken dagiti paset.

// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
// No media query for `xs` since this is the default in Bootstrap

// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
@media (min-width: 576px) { ... }

// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
@media (min-width: 768px) { ... }

// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
@media (min-width: 992px) { ... }

// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }

Gapu ta isuratmi ti taudan a CSSmi iti Sass, amin a saludsodmi iti media ket magun-od babaen ti Sass mixins:

// No media query necessary for xs breakpoint as it's effectively `@media (min-width: 0) { ... }`
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(xl) { ... }

// Example: Hide starting at `min-width: 0`, and then show at the `sm` breakpoint
.custom-class {
  display: none;
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
  .custom-class {
    display: block;
  }
}

Sagpaminsan nga agusarkami kadagiti saludsod ti media a mapan iti sabali a direksion (ti naited a kadakkel ti iskrin wenno basbassit ):

// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
@media (max-width: 575.98px) { ... }

// Small devices (landscape phones, less than 768px)
@media (max-width: 767.98px) { ... }

// Medium devices (tablets, less than 992px)
@media (max-width: 991.98px) { ... }

// Large devices (desktops, less than 1200px)
@media (max-width: 1199.98px) { ... }

// Extra large devices (large desktops)
// No media query since the extra-large breakpoint has no upper bound on its width

Maminsan manen, dagitoy a saludsod ti media ket magun-od pay babaen dagiti Sass mixins:

@include media-breakpoint-down(xs) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(lg) { ... }
// No media query necessary for xl breakpoint as it has no upper bound on its width

// Example: Style from medium breakpoint and down
@include media-breakpoint-down(md) {
  .custom-class {
    display: block;
  }
}

Adda pay dagiti panagsaludsod ti media ken dagiti mixin para iti panangpuntiria ti maymaysa a paset dagiti kadakkel ti iskrin babaen ti panagusar kadagiti kabassitan ken kangatuan a kalawa ti breakpoint.

// Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
@media (max-width: 575.98px) { ... }

// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767.98px) { ... }

// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991.98px) { ... }

// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) { ... }

// Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }

Dagitoy a saludsod ti media ket magun-od pay babaen dagiti Sass mixins:

@include media-breakpoint-only(xs) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(xl) { ... }

Kasta met, dagiti panagsaludsod ti media ket mabalin a mangsaklaw kadagiti adu a kalawa ti breakpoint:

// Example
// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) { ... }

The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be:

@include media-breakpoint-between(md, xl) { ... }

Z-index

Several Bootstrap components utilize z-index, the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that’s been designed to properly layer navigation, tooltips and popovers, modals, and more.

These higher values start at an arbitrary number, high and specific enough to ideally avoid conflicts. We need a standard set of these across our layered components—tooltips, popovers, navbars, dropdowns, modals—so we can be reasonably consistent in the behaviors. There’s no reason we couldn’t have used 100+ or 500+.

We don’t encourage customization of these individual values; should you change one, you likely need to change them all.

$zindex-dropdown:          1000 !default;
$zindex-sticky:            1020 !default;
$zindex-fixed:             1030 !default;
$zindex-modal-backdrop:    1040 !default;
$zindex-modal:             1050 !default;
$zindex-popover:           1060 !default;
$zindex-tooltip:           1070 !default;

Tapno mangasikaso kadagiti agtuon a beddeng iti uneg dagiti paset (kas pagarigan, dagiti buton ken dagiti input kadagiti grupo ti input), agus-usarkami kadagiti nababa a maymaysa a digit a z-indexpateg ti 1, 2, ken 3para kadagiti default, hover, ken aktibo nga estado. Iti hover/focus/active, iyegmi ti partikular nga elemento iti sango nga addaan iti nangatngato a z-indexpateg tapno maipakita ti beddengda kadagiti agkakabsat nga elemento.