Amaqhosha

Sebenzisa izimbo zeqhosha le-Bootstrap ukwenza izinto kwiifom, iingxoxo, kunye nokunye ngenkxaso yeesayizi ezininzi, amazwe, kunye nokunye.

Kweli phepha

Imizekelo

I-Bootstrap ibandakanya izitayile zamaqhosha achazwe kwangaphambili, nganye isebenzela injongo yayo ye-semantic, kunye nokongezwa okumbalwa okuphoswe kulawulo olungaphezulu.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-light">Light</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-dark">Dark</button>

<button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>

Ukuhambisa intsingiselo kwiiteknoloji ezincedisayo

Ukusebenzisa umbala ukongeza intsingiselo kubonelela kuphela ngesalathiso esibonakalayo, esingayi kuthunyelwa kubasebenzisi betekhnoloji encedisayo - njengezifundi zesikrini. Qinisekisa ukuba ulwazi olubonakaliswe ngumbala lucacile kumxholo ngokwawo (umzekelo, umbhalo obonakalayo), okanye luqukwe ngezinye iindlela, ezifana nesicatshulwa esongezelelweyo esifihlwe .visually-hiddeneklasini.

Khubaza ukusonga umbhalo

Ukuba awufuni ukuba umbhalo weqhosha usongelwe, unokongeza .text-nowrapiklasi kwiqhosha. Kwi-Sass, unokuseta $btn-white-space: nowrapukuvala ukuvalwa kokubhaliweyo kwiqhosha ngalinye.

Iithegi zeqhosha

Iiklasi .btnziyilelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kunye <button>nesiqalelo. Nangona kunjalo, ungasebenzisa ezi klasi kwi <a>okanye <input>izinto (nangona ezinye iibhrawuza zinokusebenzisa unikezelo olwahluke kancinane).

Xa usebenzisa iiklasi zamaqhosha <a>kwizinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwekhasi (njengomxholo odilikayo), endaweni yokudibanisa amaphepha amatsha okanye amacandelo angaphakathi kwephepha langoku, la makhonkco kufuneka anikwe role="button"ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo injongo yawo kubuchwephesha obuncedisayo njenge abafundi besikrini.

Ikhonkco

html

<a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Link</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="Submit">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="reset" value="Reset">

Amaqhosha enkcazo

Ngaba ufuna iqhosha, kodwa hayi imibala engasemva enzima abayizisayo? Buyisela iiklasi zesilungisi esingagqibekanga ngezo .btn-outline-*zokususa yonke imifanekiso yangasemva kunye nemibala kulo naliphi na iqhosha.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-light">Light</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-dark">Dark</button>

Ezinye izimbo zamaqhosha zisebenzisa umbala ongaphambili okhanyayo, kwaye kufuneka usetyenziswe kuphela kwimvelaphi emnyama ukuze kubekho umahluko owaneleyo.

Ubukhulu

Unqwenela amaqhosha amakhulu okanye amancinci? Yongeza .btn-lgokanye .btn-smiisayizi ezongezelelweyo.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Large button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg">Large button</button>

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Small button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Small button</button>

Unokude uqengqele eyakho isayizi yesiko ngokuguquguquka kweCSS:

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary"
        style="--bs-btn-padding-y: .25rem; --bs-btn-padding-x: .5rem; --bs-btn-font-size: .75rem;">
  Custom button
</button>

Ilizwe labakhubazekileyo

Yenza amaqhosha abonakale engasebenzi ngokongeza disableduphawu lwe boolean kuyo nayiphi na <button>into. Amaqhosha avaliweyo pointer-events: noneasetyenzisiwe, ukunqanda i-hover kunye neemeko ezisebenzayo ekuqaliseni.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" disabled>Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary" disabled>Button</button>

Amaqhosha angasebenziyo asebenzisa <a>isiqalelo aziphathe ngokwahlukileyo:

<a>s ayiluxhasi disableduphawu, ngoko ke kufuneka udibanise .disablediklasi ukuyenza ibonakale ingasebenzi.
Ezinye izimbo ezilungele ixesha elizayo zibandakanyiwe ukuvala zonke pointer-eventskumaqhosha eankile.
Amaqhosha angasebenziyo asebenzisayo <a>kufuneka abandakanye aria-disabled="true"uphawu lokubonisa imeko yento kwiitekhnoloji ezincedisayo.
Amaqhosha angasebenziyo asebenzisayo <a> akufuneki aquke hrefuphawu loyelelwano.

Ikhonkco eliphambili Ikhonkco

html

<a class="btn btn-primary disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a class="btn btn-secondary disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>

Icaveat yokusebenza kwekhonkco

Ukugubungela iimeko apho kufuneka ugcine hrefuphawu kwikhonkco elikhubazekileyo, .disablediklasi isebenzisa pointer-events: noneukuzama ukukhubaza ukusebenza kwekhonkco <a>s. Qaphela ukuba le propati ye-CSS ayikabikho emgangathweni we-HTML, kodwa zonke iibhrawuza zangoku ziyayixhasa. Ukongeza, nakwiziphequluli ezixhasayo pointer-events: none, ukukhangela kwekhibhodi kuhlala kungachaphazeleki, okuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi bekhibhodi ababoniweyo kunye nabasebenzisi bobuchwephesha bokuncedisa baya kuba nakho ukwenza la makhonkco asebenze. Ke ukukhuseleka, ukongeza aria-disabled="true", kukwabandakanya tabindex="-1"uphawu kula makhonkco ukuwathintela ekufumaneni ujoliso lwebhodi yezitshixo, kwaye usebenzise iJavaScript yesiko ukukhubaza ukusebenza kwazo ngokupheleleyo.

Ikhonkco eliphambili Ikhonkco

html

<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>

Amaqhosha ebhlokhi

Yenza imfumba ephendulayo yobubanzi obugcweleyo, "amaqhosha ebhloko" njengalawo aseBootstrap 4 ngomxube wokubonisa kwethu kunye nezixhobo ze-gap. Ngokusebenzisa izinto eziluncedo endaweni yeeklasi ezithile zamaqhosha, sinolawulo olukhulu ngakumbi kwisithuba, ulungelelwaniso, kunye nokuziphatha okuphendulayo.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Apha senza utshintsho oluphendulayo, siqala ngamaqhosha apakishwe ngokuthe nkqo kude kube kwindawo mdyoqhawulo, apho .d-md-blockithatha indawo .d-gridyodidi, ngokwenza njalo ungasebenzi gap-2. Phinda umlinganiselo wesikhangeli sakho ukuze uzibone zitshintsha.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2 d-md-block">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Ungahlengahlengisa ububanzi bamaqhosha akho ebhloko ngeeklasi zobubanzi bekholamu yegridi. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-half-width "iqhosha lebhloko", sebenzisa .col-6. Yibeke kwindawo ethe tye nge .mx-auto, nayo.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2 col-6 mx-auto">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Izixhobo ezongezelelweyo zingasetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ukulungelelaniswa kwamaqhosha xa tye. Apha sithathe umzekelo wethu wangaphambili ophendulayo kwaye songeza izinto eziguqukayo kunye nesixhobo somda kwiqhosha ukulungelelanisa amaqhosha ekunene xa engasapakishwanga.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2 d-md-flex justify-content-md-end">
  <button class="btn btn-primary me-md-2" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Iqhosha leplagi

I-plugin yeqhosha ikuvumela ukuba wenze lula ukuvula/ukuvala amaqhosha okuguqula.

Ngokubonakalayo, la maqhosha okuguqula ayafana kwibhokisi yokukhangela amaqhosha okuguqula . Nangona kunjalo, zihanjiswa ngokwahlukileyo ngobuchwepheshe obuncedisayo: iibhokisi zokukhangela ziya kubhengezwa ngabafundi besikrini njenge "tshekiweyo"/"ayikhangelwanga" (ekubeni, ngaphandle kwenkangeleko yazo, iseziibhokisi zokukhangela), ngelixa la maqhosha okuguqula aya kubhengezwa njengawo. “iqhosha”/“iqhosha licinezelwe”. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini kuya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo loguqulo olwenzayo, kwaye nokuba uguqulo luya kwenza ingqiqo kubasebenzisi xa bebhengezwa njengebhokisi yokukhangela okanye njengeqhosha lokwenyani.

Guqula amazwe

Yongeza data-bs-toggle="button"ukuguqula imeko yeqhosha active. Ukuba ucofa ngaphambili iqhosha, kufuneka wongeze .activeiklasi ngesandla kwaye aria-pressed="true" uqinisekise ukuba ihanjiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwiiteknoloji ezincedisayo.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="button">Toggle button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary active" data-bs-toggle="button" aria-pressed="true">Active toggle button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" disabled data-bs-toggle="button">Disabled toggle button</button>

Guqula ikhonkco Ikhonkco lokuguqula elisebenzayo Ikhonkco lokuguqula livaliwe

html

<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button">Toggle link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary active" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button" aria-pressed="true">Active toggle link</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary disabled" aria-disabled="true" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button">Disabled toggle link</a>

Iindlela

Unokwenza umzekelo weqhosha kunye nomakhi weqhosha, umzekelo:

const bsButton = new bootstrap.Button('#myButton')

Indlela	Inkcazo
`dispose`	Itshabalalisa iqhosha lesiqalelo. (Isusa idatha egciniweyo kwisiqalelo seDOM)
`getInstance`	Indlela engatshintshiyo ekuvumela ukuba ufumane umzekelo weqhosha oyanyaniswa nento yeDOM, ungayisebenzisa ngolu hlobo: `bootstrap.Button.getInstance(element)`.
`getOrCreateInstance`	Indlela engatshintshiyo ebuyisela umzekelo weqhosha eliyanyaniswa nento yeDOM okanye wenze entsha ukuba ayiqalwanga. Ungayisebenzisa ngolu hlobo `bootstrap.Button.getOrCreateInstance(element)`:.
`toggle`	Itshintsha imeko yokutyhala. Inika iqhosha inkangeleko yokuba livuliwe.

Umzekelo, ukuguqula onke amaqhosha

document.querySelectorAll('.btn').forEach(buttonElement => {
  const button = bootstrap.Button.getOrCreateInstance(buttonElement)
  button.toggle()
})

CSS

Izinto eziguquguqukayo

Ifakwe kwi-v5.2.0

Njengenxalenye ye-Bootstrap yokuguquguquka kweCSS eguquguqukayo, amaqhosha ngoku asebenzisa iinguqu ze-CSS zasekhaya .btnekuphuculeni ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwexesha lokwenyani. Amaxabiso okuguquguquka kweCSS asetwe ngeSass, ngoko ke ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kweSass kusaxhaswa, nako.

  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-x: #{$btn-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-y: #{$btn-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}btn-font-family: #{$btn-font-family};
  @include rfs($btn-font-size, --#{$prefix}btn-font-size);
  --#{$prefix}btn-font-weight: #{$btn-font-weight};
  --#{$prefix}btn-line-height: #{$btn-line-height};
  --#{$prefix}btn-color: #{$body-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-bg: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-width: #{$btn-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-color: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-radius: #{$btn-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-border-color: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-box-shadow: #{$btn-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-opacity: #{$btn-disabled-opacity};
  --#{$prefix}btn-focus-box-shadow: 0 0 0 #{$btn-focus-width} rgba(var(--#{$prefix}btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);

Udidi ngalunye .btn-*lwesilungisi luhlaziya iinguqu ezifanelekileyo zeCSS ukunciphisa imithetho eyongezelelweyo yeCSS kunye neyethu button-variant(), button-outline-variant(), kunye button-size()nemixube.

Nanku umzekelo wokwakha udidi .btn-*lwesilungisi ngokwesiko njengoko senza kumaqhosha akhethekileyo kumaxwebhu ethu ngokukwabela kwakhona izinto eziguquguqukayo ze-Bootstrap ze-CSS ngomxube we-CSS yethu kunye ne-Sass eguquguqukayo.

.btn-bd-primary {
  --bs-btn-font-weight: 600;
  --bs-btn-color: var(--bs-white);
  --bs-btn-bg: var(--bd-violet);
  --bs-btn-border-color: var(--bd-violet);
  --bs-btn-border-radius: .5rem;
  --bs-btn-hover-color: var(--bs-white);
  --bs-btn-hover-bg: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 10%)};
  --bs-btn-hover-border-color: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 10%)};
  --bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb: var(--bd-violet-rgb);
  --bs-btn-active-color: var(--bs-btn-hover-color);
  --bs-btn-active-bg: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 20%)};
  --bs-btn-active-border-color: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 20%)};
}

Iinguqu zeSass

$btn-padding-y:               $input-btn-padding-y;
$btn-padding-x:               $input-btn-padding-x;
$btn-font-family:             $input-btn-font-family;
$btn-font-size:               $input-btn-font-size;
$btn-line-height:             $input-btn-line-height;
$btn-white-space:             null; // Set to `nowrap` to prevent text wrapping

$btn-padding-y-sm:            $input-btn-padding-y-sm;
$btn-padding-x-sm:            $input-btn-padding-x-sm;
$btn-font-size-sm:            $input-btn-font-size-sm;

$btn-padding-y-lg:            $input-btn-padding-y-lg;
$btn-padding-x-lg:            $input-btn-padding-x-lg;
$btn-font-size-lg:            $input-btn-font-size-lg;

$btn-border-width:            $input-btn-border-width;

$btn-font-weight:             $font-weight-normal;
$btn-box-shadow:              inset 0 1px 0 rgba($white, .15), 0 1px 1px rgba($black, .075);
$btn-focus-width:             $input-btn-focus-width;
$btn-focus-box-shadow:        $input-btn-focus-box-shadow;
$btn-disabled-opacity:        .65;
$btn-active-box-shadow:       inset 0 3px 5px rgba($black, .125);

$btn-link-color:              var(--#{$prefix}link-color);
$btn-link-hover-color:        var(--#{$prefix}link-hover-color);
$btn-link-disabled-color:     $gray-600;

// Allows for customizing button radius independently from global border radius
$btn-border-radius:           $border-radius;
$btn-border-radius-sm:        $border-radius-sm;
$btn-border-radius-lg:        $border-radius-lg;

$btn-transition:              color .15s ease-in-out, background-color .15s ease-in-out, border-color .15s ease-in-out, box-shadow .15s ease-in-out;

$btn-hover-bg-shade-amount:       15%;
$btn-hover-bg-tint-amount:        15%;
$btn-hover-border-shade-amount:   20%;
$btn-hover-border-tint-amount:    10%;
$btn-active-bg-shade-amount:      20%;
$btn-active-bg-tint-amount:       20%;
$btn-active-border-shade-amount:  25%;
$btn-active-border-tint-amount:   10%;

Sass imixube

Kukho imixube emithathu yamaqhosha: iqhosha kunye neqhosha lokuchaza okwahlukileyo imixube (zombini zisekwe kwi $theme-colors), kunye nobukhulu beqhosha lomxube.

@mixin button-variant(
  $background,
  $border,
  $color: color-contrast($background),
  $hover-background: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($background, $btn-hover-bg-shade-amount), tint-color($background, $btn-hover-bg-tint-amount)),
  $hover-border: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($border, $btn-hover-border-shade-amount), tint-color($border, $btn-hover-border-tint-amount)),
  $hover-color: color-contrast($hover-background),
  $active-background: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($background, $btn-active-bg-shade-amount), tint-color($background, $btn-active-bg-tint-amount)),
  $active-border: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($border, $btn-active-border-shade-amount), tint-color($border, $btn-active-border-tint-amount)),
  $active-color: color-contrast($active-background),
  $disabled-background: $background,
  $disabled-border: $border,
  $disabled-color: color-contrast($disabled-background)
) {
  --#{$prefix}btn-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-bg: #{$background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-color: #{$border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-color: #{$hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-bg: #{$hover-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-border-color: #{$hover-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-focus-shadow-rgb: #{to-rgb(mix($color, $border, 15%))};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-color: #{$active-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-bg: #{$active-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-border-color: #{$active-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-shadow: #{$btn-active-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-color: #{$disabled-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-bg: #{$disabled-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-border-color: #{$disabled-border};
}

@mixin button-outline-variant(
  $color,
  $color-hover: color-contrast($color),
  $active-background: $color,
  $active-border: $color,
  $active-color: color-contrast($active-background)
) {
  --#{$prefix}btn-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-color: #{$color-hover};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-bg: #{$active-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-border-color: #{$active-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-focus-shadow-rgb: #{to-rgb($color)};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-color: #{$active-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-bg: #{$active-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-border-color: #{$active-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-shadow: #{$btn-active-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-bg: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-border-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}gradient: none;
}

@mixin button-size($padding-y, $padding-x, $font-size, $border-radius) {
  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-y: #{$padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-x: #{$padding-x};
  @include rfs($font-size, --#{$prefix}btn-font-size);
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-radius: #{$border-radius};
}

Iilophu zeSass

Ukwahluka kwamaqhosha (amaqhosha aqhelekileyo kunye nolwandlalo) asebenzisa imixube ehlukeneyo kunye $theme-colorsnemephu yethu ukuvelisa iiklasi zesilungisi kwi scss/_buttons.scss.

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .btn-#{$color} {
    @if $color == "light" {
      @include button-variant(
        $value,
        $value,
        $hover-background: shade-color($value, $btn-hover-bg-shade-amount),
        $hover-border: shade-color($value, $btn-hover-border-shade-amount),
        $active-background: shade-color($value, $btn-active-bg-shade-amount),
        $active-border: shade-color($value, $btn-active-border-shade-amount)
      );
    } @else if $color == "dark" {
      @include button-variant(
        $value,
        $value,
        $hover-background: tint-color($value, $btn-hover-bg-tint-amount),
        $hover-border: tint-color($value, $btn-hover-border-tint-amount),
        $active-background: tint-color($value, $btn-active-bg-tint-amount),
        $active-border: tint-color($value, $btn-active-border-tint-amount)
      );
    } @else {
      @include button-variant($value, $value);
    }
  }
}

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .btn-outline-#{$color} {
    @include button-outline-variant($value);
  }
}