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tables

Documentation and examples for opt-in styling of tables (given their prevalent use in JavaScript plugins) with Bootstrap.

Overview

Due to the widespread use of <table>elements across third-party widgets like calendars and date pickers, Bootstrap's tables are opt-in . Add the base class .tableto any <table>, then extend with our optional modifier classes or custom styles. All table styles are not inherited in Bootstrap, meaning any nested tables can be styled independent from the parent.

Using the most basic table markup, here's how .table-based tables look in Bootstrap.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">#</th>
      <th scope="col">First</th>
      <th scope="col">Last</th>
      <th scope="col">Handle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">1</th>
      <td>Mark</td>
      <td>Otto</td>
      <td>@mdo</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">2</th>
      <td>Jacob</td>
      <td>Thornton</td>
      <td>@fat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Options

Use contextual classes to color tables, table rows or individual cells.

class heading heading
Default cell cell
Primary cell cell
secondary cell cell
success cell cell
Danger cell cell
Warning cell cell
info cell cell
light cell cell
Dark cell cell
<!-- On tables -->
<table class="table-primary">...</table>
<table class="table-secondary">...</table>
<table class="table-success">...</table>
<table class="table-danger">...</table>
<table class="table-warning">...</table>
<table class="table-info">...</table>
<table class="table-light">...</table>
<table class="table-dark">...</table>

<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="table-primary">...</tr>
<tr class="table-secondary">...</tr>
<tr class="table-success">...</tr>
<tr class="table-danger">...</tr>
<tr class="table-warning">...</tr>
<tr class="table-info">...</tr>
<tr class="table-light">...</tr>
<tr class="table-dark">...</tr>

<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
  <td class="table-primary">...</td>
  <td class="table-secondary">...</td>
  <td class="table-success">...</td>
  <td class="table-danger">...</td>
  <td class="table-warning">...</td>
  <td class="table-info">...</td>
  <td class="table-light">...</td>
  <td class="table-dark">...</td>
</tr>
Conveying meaning to assistive technologies

Using color to add meaning only provides a visual indication, which will not be conveyed to users of assistive technologies – such as screen readers. Ensure that information denoted by the color is either obvious from the content itself (eg the visible text), or is included through alternative means, such as additional text hidden with the .visually-hiddenclass.

Accent tables

striped rows

Use .table-stripedto add zebra-striping to any table row within the <tbody>.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-striped">
  ...
</table>

These classes can also be added to table variants:

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-dark table-striped">
  ...
</table>
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-success table-striped">
  ...
</table>

hoverable rows

Add .table-hoverto enable a hover state on table rows within a <tbody>.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-hover">
  ...
</table>
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-dark table-hover">
  ...
</table>

These hoverable rows can also be combined with the striped variant:

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-striped table-hover">
  ...
</table>

active tables

Highlight a table row or cell by adding a .table-activeclass.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr class="table-active">
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-dark">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr class="table-active">
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

How do the variants and accented tables work?

For the accented tables ( striped rows , hoverable rows , and active tables ), we used some techniques to make these effects work for all our table variants :

  • We start by setting the background of a table cell with the --bs-table-bgcustom property. All table variants then set that custom property to colorize the table cells. This way, we don't get into trouble if semi-transparent colors are used as table backgrounds.
  • Then we add an inset box shadow on the table cells with box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 9999px var(--bs-table-accent-bg);to layer on top of any specified background-color. Because we use a huge spread and no blur, the color will be monotone. Since --bs-table-accent-bgis unset by default, we don't have a default box shadow.
  • When either .table-striped, .table-hoveror .table-activeclasses are added, the --bs-table-accent-bgis set to a semitransparent color to colorize the background.
  • For each table variant, we generate a --bs-table-accent-bgcolor with the highest contrast depending on that color. For example, the accent color for .table-primaryis darker while .table-darkhas a lighter accent color.
  • Text and border colors are generated the same way, and their colors are inherited by default.

Behind the scenes it looks like this:

@mixin table-variant($state, $background) {
  .table-#{$state} {
    $color: color-contrast(opaque($body-bg, $background));
    $hover-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-hover-bg-factor));
    $striped-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-striped-bg-factor));
    $active-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-active-bg-factor));

    --#{$variable-prefix}table-bg: #{$background};
    --#{$variable-prefix}table-striped-bg: #{$striped-bg};
    --#{$variable-prefix}table-striped-color: #{color-contrast($striped-bg)};
    --#{$variable-prefix}table-active-bg: #{$active-bg};
    --#{$variable-prefix}table-active-color: #{color-contrast($active-bg)};
    --#{$variable-prefix}table-hover-bg: #{$hover-bg};
    --#{$variable-prefix}table-hover-color: #{color-contrast($hover-bg)};

    color: $color;
    border-color: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-border-factor));
  }
}

Table borders

Bordered tables

Add .table-borderedfor borders on all sides of the table and cells.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-bordered">
  ...
</table>

Border color utilities can be added to change colors:

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-bordered border-primary">
  ...
</table>

Tables without borders

Add .table-borderlessfor a table without borders.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-borderless">
  ...
</table>
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-dark table-borderless">
  ...
</table>

small tables

Add .table-smto make any .tablemore compact by cutting all cell paddingin half.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-sm">
  ...
</table>
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-dark table-sm">
  ...
</table>

vertical alignment

Table cells of <thead>are always vertically aligned to the bottom. Table cells in <tbody>inherit their alignment from <table>and are aligned to the top by default. Use the vertical align classes to re-align where needed.

heading 1 Heading 2 heading 3 heading 4
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle;from the table This cell inherits vertical-align: middle;from the table This cell inherits vertical-align: middle;from the table This here is some placeholder text, intended to take up quite a bit of vertical space, to demonstrate how the vertical alignment works in the preceding cells.
This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom;from the table row This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom;from the table row This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom;from the table row This here is some placeholder text, intended to take up quite a bit of vertical space, to demonstrate how the vertical alignment works in the preceding cells.
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle;from the table This cell inherits vertical-align: middle;from the table This cell is aligned to the top. This here is some placeholder text, intended to take up quite a bit of vertical space, to demonstrate how the vertical alignment works in the preceding cells.
<div class="table-responsive">
  <table class="table align-middle">
    <thead>
      <tr>
        ...
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        ...
      </tr>
      <tr class="align-bottom">
        ...
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>...</td>
        <td>...</td>
        <td class="align-top">This cell is aligned to the top.</td>
        <td>...</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

Nesting

Border styles, active styles, and table variants are not inherited by nested tables.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
header header header
A First Last
B First Last
C First Last
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-striped">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    ...
    <tr>
      <td colspan="4">
        <table class="table mb-0">
          ...
        </table>
      </td>
    </tr>
    ...
  </tbody>
</table>

How nesting works

To prevent any styles from leaking to nested tables, we use the child combinator ( >) selector in our CSS. Since we need to target all the tds and ths in the thead, tbody, and tfoot, our selector would look pretty long without it. As such, we use the rather odd looking .table > :not(caption) > * > *selector to target all tds and ths of the .table, but none of any potential nested tables.

Note that if you add <tr>s as direct children of a table, those <tr>will be wrapped in a <tbody>by default, thus making our selectors work as intended.

Anatomy

table head

Similar to tables and dark tables, use the modifier classes .table-lightor .table-darkto make <thead>s appear light or dark gray.

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table">
  <thead class="table-light">
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    ...
  </tbody>
</table>
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table">
  <thead class="table-dark">
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    ...
  </tbody>
</table>

table foot

# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
footer footer footer footer
<table class="table">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    ...
  </tbody>
  <tfoot>
    ...
  </tfoot>
</table>

Captions

A <caption>functions like a heading for a table. It helps users with screen readers to find a table and understand what it's about and decide if they want to read it.

List of users
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table table-sm">
  <caption>List of users</caption>
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    ...
  </tbody>
</table>

You can also put the <caption>on the top of the table with .caption-top.

List of users
# First Last Handle
one Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
<table class="table caption-top">
  <caption>List of users</caption>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">#</th>
      <th scope="col">First</th>
      <th scope="col">Last</th>
      <th scope="col">Handle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">1</th>
      <td>Mark</td>
      <td>Otto</td>
      <td>@mdo</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">2</th>
      <td>Jacob</td>
      <td>Thornton</td>
      <td>@fat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td>Larry</td>
      <td>the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Responsive tables

Responsive tables allow tables to be scrolled horizontally with ease. Make any table responsive across all viewports by wrapping a .tablewith .table-responsive. Or, pick a maximum breakpoint with which to have a responsive table up to by using .table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}.

Vertical clipping/truncation

Responsive tables make use of overflow-y: hidden, which clips off any content that goes beyond the bottom or top edges of the table. In particular, this can clip off dropdown menus and other third-party widgets.

Always responsive

Across every breakpoint, use .table-responsivefor horizontally scrolling tables.

# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
<div class="table-responsive">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

Breakpoint specific

Use .table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}as needed to create responsive tables up to a particular breakpoint. From that breakpoint and up, the table will behave normally and not scroll horizontally.

These tables may appear broken until their responsive styles apply at specific viewport widths.

# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
# heading heading heading heading heading heading heading heading
one cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
2 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
3 cell cell cell cell cell cell cell cell
<div class="table-responsive">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-sm">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-md">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-lg">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-xl">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-xxl">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

Sass

Variables

$table-cell-padding-y:        .5rem;
$table-cell-padding-x:        .5rem;
$table-cell-padding-y-sm:     .25rem;
$table-cell-padding-x-sm:     .25rem;

$table-cell-vertical-align:   top;

$table-color:                 $body-color;
$table-bg:                    transparent;
$table-accent-bg:             transparent;

$table-th-font-weight:        null;

$table-striped-color:         $table-color;
$table-striped-bg-factor:     .05;
$table-striped-bg:            rgba($black, $table-striped-bg-factor);

$table-active-color:          $table-color;
$table-active-bg-factor:      .1;
$table-active-bg:             rgba($black, $table-active-bg-factor);

$table-hover-color:           $table-color;
$table-hover-bg-factor:       .075;
$table-hover-bg:              rgba($black, $table-hover-bg-factor);

$table-border-factor:         .1;
$table-border-width:          $border-width;
$table-border-color:          $border-color;

$table-striped-order:         odd;

$table-group-separator-color: currentColor;

$table-caption-color:         $text-muted;

$table-bg-scale:              -80%;

loop

$table-variants: (
  "primary":    shift-color($primary, $table-bg-scale),
  "secondary":  shift-color($secondary, $table-bg-scale),
  "success":    shift-color($success, $table-bg-scale),
  "info":       shift-color($info, $table-bg-scale),
  "warning":    shift-color($warning, $table-bg-scale),
  "danger":     shift-color($danger, $table-bg-scale),
  "light":      $light,
  "dark":       $dark,
);

customizing

  • The factor variables ( $table-striped-bg-factor, $table-active-bg-factor&$table-hover-bg-factor ) are used to determine the contrast in table variants.
  • Apart from the light & dark table variants, theme colors are lightened by the $table-bg-levelvariable.