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Izinkinobho

Sebenzisa izitayela zenkinobho yangokwezifiso ye-Bootstrap ngezenzo ngamafomu, izingxoxo, nokuningi ngosekelo losayizi abaningi, izifunda, nokuningi.

Kuleli khasi

Izibonelo

I-Bootstrap ifaka phakathi izitayela zezinkinobho ezichazwe ngaphambilini, ngasinye sisebenzisa inhloso yaso ye-semantic, kanye nokwengeziwe okumbalwa okuphonswe ukuze kulawulwe okwengeziwe.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-light">Light</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-dark">Dark</button>

<button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>

Ukudlulisa incazelo kubuchwepheshe obusizayo

Ukusebenzisa umbala ukwengeza incazelo kunikeza kuphela inkomba ebonakalayo, engeke idluliselwe kubasebenzisi bobuchwepheshe obusizayo - njengezifundi zesikrini. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olushiwo umbala lusobala kokuqukethwe ngokwako (isb umbhalo obonakalayo), noma lufakwe ngezinye izindlela, njengombhalo owengeziwe ofihliwe .visually-hiddennekilasi.

Khubaza ukugoqa umbhalo

Uma ungafuni ukuthi umbhalo wenkinobho ugoqwe, ungangeza .text-nowrapiklasi enkinobho. Ku-Sass, ungasetha $btn-white-space: nowrapukukhubaza ukugoqa umbhalo kunkinobho ngayinye.

Omaka bezinkinobho

Amakilasi .btnaklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ne- <button>elementi. Kodwa-ke, ungasebenzisa la makilasi kuwo <a>noma <input>izakhi (yize ezinye iziphequluli zingasebenzisa ukunikezwa okuhlukile kancane).

Uma usebenzisa izinkinobho zamakilasi kuma- <a>elementi asetshenziselwa ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwekhasi (njengokuqukethwe okugoqiwe), esikhundleni sokuxhuma emakhasini amasha noma izigaba ezingaphakathi kwekhasi lamanje, lezi zixhumanisi kufanele zinikezwe role="button"ukuze zidlulisele injongo yazo ngendlela efanele kubuchwepheshe obusizayo obufana no. izifundi zesikrini.

Isixhumanisi

html

<a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Link</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="Submit">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="reset" value="Reset">

Izinkinobho zohlaka

Udinga inkinobho, kodwa hhayi imibala yangemuva enzima abayilethayo? Miselela amakilasi okulungisa azenzakalelayo .btn-outline-*nalawo ukuze ususe zonke izithombe ezingemuva nemibala kunoma iyiphi inkinobho.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-light">Light</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-dark">Dark</button>

Ezinye zezitayela zezinkinobho zisebenzisa umbala ongaphambili okhanyayo ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela kungemuva elimnyama ukuze kube nokugqama okwanele.

Osayizi

Uyathanda izinkinobho ezinkulu noma ezincane? Engeza .btn-lgnoma .btn-smosayizi abengeziwe.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Large button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg">Large button</button>

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Small button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Small button</button>

Ungakwazi ngisho nokugoqa usayizi wakho wangokwezifiso ngokuhlukahluka kwe-CSS:

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary"
        style="--bs-btn-padding-y: .25rem; --bs-btn-padding-x: .5rem; --bs-btn-font-size: .75rem;">
  Custom button
</button>

Isimo sokukhubazeka

Yenza izinkinobho zibukeke zingasebenzi ngokwengeza disabledisibaluli se-boolean kunoma iyiphi i- <button>elementi. Izinkinobho ezikhutshaziwe zifakiwe pointer-events: none, ezivimbela ukuya phezulu nezimo ezisebenzayo ukuthi zingacupha.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" disabled>Button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary" disabled>Button</button>

Izinkinobho ezikhutshaziwe ezisebenzisa i- <a>elementi ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile:

<a>s azisekeli disabledisibaluli, ngakho-ke kufanele wengeze .disabledikilasi ukuze ulenze libonakale likhubazekile.
Ezinye izitayela ezilungele ikusasa zifakiwe ukuze kukhubazwe konke pointer-eventskuzinkinobho zehange.
Izinkinobho ezikhubazekile ezisebenzisayo <a>kufanele zifake aria-disabled="true"isibaluli ukuze zibonise isimo se-elementi kubuchwepheshe obusizayo.
Izinkinobho ezikhubazekile ezisebenzisayo <a> akufanele zifake hrefisibaluli.

Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko Isixhumanisi

html

<a class="btn btn-primary disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a class="btn btn-secondary disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>

Xhumanisa i-caveat yokusebenza

Ukumboza izimo lapho kufanele ugcine khona hrefisibaluli kusixhumanisi esikhubazekile, .disabledikilasi lisebenzisa pointer-events: noneukuzama ukukhubaza ukusebenza kwesixhumanisi se- <a>s. Qaphela ukuthi lesi sici se-CSS asikakafaneliselwa i-HTML, kodwa zonke iziphequluli zesimanje ziyayisekela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nasezipheqululini ezisekelayo pointer-events: none, ukuzulazula kwekhibhodi kuhlala kungathinteki, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bekhibhodi ababonayo nabasebenzisi bobuchwepheshe obusizayo basazokwazi ukwenza lezi zixhumanisi zisebenze. Ngakho-ke ukuze uphephe, ngaphezu kwalokho aria-disabled="true", faka tabindex="-1"isibaluli kulezi zixhumanisi ukuze uzivikele ekutholeni ukugxila kwekhibhodi, futhi usebenzise i-JavaScript yangokwezifiso ukukhubaza ukusebenza kwazo ngokuphelele.

Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko Isixhumanisi

html

<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>

Vimba izinkinobho

Dala izitaki ezisabelayo zobubanzi obugcwele, "izinkinobho zokuvimba" njengalezo eziku-Bootstrap 4 ngenhlanganisela yesibonisi sethu nezinsiza zegebe. Ngokusebenzisa izinsiza esikhundleni sezinkinobho ezithile zamakilasi, sinokulawula okukhulu kakhulu esikhaleni, ukuqondanisa, nokuziphatha okuphendulayo.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Lapha sakha ukuhluka okusabelayo, kuqala ngezinkinobho ezistakiwe ziqonde kuze kube indawo mdyokuphumula, lapho .d-md-blockkungena esikhundleni .d-gridsekilasi, ngaleyo ndlela senza umsebenzi ube gap-2yize. Shintsha usayizi wesiphequluli sakho ukuze uzibone zishintsha.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2 d-md-block">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Ungalungisa ububanzi bezinkinobho zakho zebhulokhi ngamakilasi obubanzi bekholomu yegridi. Isibonelo, "kwinkinobho yokuvimba" yobubanzi obuyingxenye, sebenzisa .col-6. Beka phakathi nendawo ngokuvundlile ngokuthi .mx-auto, futhi.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2 col-6 mx-auto">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Izinsiza ezengeziwe zingasetshenziswa ukulungisa ukuqondanisa kwezinkinobho uma zivundlile. Lapha sithathe isibonelo sethu sangaphambilini sokuphendula futhi sengeza izinsiza eziguquguqukayo kanye nesisetshenziswa semajini enkinobho ukuze siqondanise kwesokudla izinkinobho uma zingasastakiwe.

html

<div class="d-grid gap-2 d-md-flex justify-content-md-end">
  <button class="btn btn-primary me-md-2" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

I-plugin yenkinobho

I-plugin yenkinobho ikuvumela ukuthi udale izinkinobho zokuguqula ezilula zokuvula/ukuvala.

Ngokubukeka, lezi zinkinobho zokuguqula ziyefana nezinkinobho zokuguqula zebhokisi . Nokho, adluliswa ngendlela ehlukile ngobuchwepheshe obusizayo: ukuguqulwa kwebhokisi lokuhlola kuzomenyezelwa abafundi besikrini ngokuthi “kuhloliwe”/“akuhloliwe” (njengoba, naphezu kokubukeka kwabo, kusengamabhokisi okuhlola), kuyilapho lezi zinkinobho zokuguqula zizomenyezelwa njenge. “inkinobho”/“icindezelwe inkinobho”. Ukukhetha phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili kuzoncika ohlotsheni lokuguqula oludalayo, nokuthi ukuguqula kuzoba nengqondo yini kubasebenzisi uma kumenyezelwa njengebhokisi lokuhlola noma njengenkinobho yangempela.

Guqula izifundazwe

Engeza data-bs-toggle="button"ukuze uguqule isimo senkinobho active. Uma uguqula kusengaphambili inkinobho, kufanele wengeze .activeikilasi mathupha futhi aria-pressed="true" uqinisekise ukuthi idluliswa ngendlela efanele kubuchwepheshe obusizayo.

html

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="button">Toggle button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary active" data-bs-toggle="button" aria-pressed="true">Active toggle button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" disabled data-bs-toggle="button">Disabled toggle button</button>

Guqula isixhumanisi Isixhumanisi sokuguqula esisebenzayo Isixhumanisi sokuguqula sikhutshaziwe

html

<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button">Toggle link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary active" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button" aria-pressed="true">Active toggle link</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary disabled" aria-disabled="true" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button">Disabled toggle link</a>

Izindlela

Ungakha isenzakalo senkinobho ngomakhi wenkinobho, isibonelo:

const bsButton = new bootstrap.Button('#myButton')

Indlela	Incazelo
`dispose`	Icekela phansi inkinobho yento. (Isusa idatha egciniwe kusici se-DOM)
`getInstance`	Indlela emile ekuvumela ukuthi uthole isibonelo senkinobho esihlotshaniswa nento ye-DOM, ungayisebenzisa kanje: `bootstrap.Button.getInstance(element)`.
`getOrCreateInstance`	Indlela emile ebuyisela isibonelo senkinobho ehlotshaniswa nento ye-DOM noma idale entsha uma kwenzeka ingaqaliswanga. Ungayisebenzisa kanje `bootstrap.Button.getOrCreateInstance(element)`:.
`toggle`	Iguqula isimo sohlelo. Inikeza inkinobho ukubonakala sengathi yenziwe yasebenza.

Isibonelo, ukuguqula zonke izinkinobho

document.querySelectorAll('.btn').forEach(buttonElement => {
  const button = bootstrap.Button.getOrCreateInstance(buttonElement)
  button.toggle()
})

CSS

Okuguquguqukayo

Kwengezwe ku-v5.2.0

Njengengxenye yokuguquguquka kwe-CSS ye-Bootstrap, izinkinobho manje zisebenzisa okuguquguqukayo kwasendaweni kwe-CSS .btnukuze kwenziwe ngokwezifiso isikhathi sangempela. Amanani okuguquguquka kwe-CSS asethwa nge-Sass, ngakho ukwenza ngokwezifiso kwe-Sass kusasekelwa, nakho.

  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-x: #{$btn-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-y: #{$btn-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}btn-font-family: #{$btn-font-family};
  @include rfs($btn-font-size, --#{$prefix}btn-font-size);
  --#{$prefix}btn-font-weight: #{$btn-font-weight};
  --#{$prefix}btn-line-height: #{$btn-line-height};
  --#{$prefix}btn-color: #{$body-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-bg: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-width: #{$btn-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-color: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-radius: #{$btn-border-radius};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-border-color: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-box-shadow: #{$btn-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-opacity: #{$btn-disabled-opacity};
  --#{$prefix}btn-focus-box-shadow: 0 0 0 #{$btn-focus-width} rgba(var(--#{$prefix}btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);

Ikilasi ngalinye .btn-*lesilungisi libuyekeza okuguquguqukayo okufanelekile kwe-CSS ukuze kuncishiswe imithetho eyengeziwe ye-CSS ngezingxube zethu button-variant(), button-outline-variant(), kanye button-size()nezingxube.

Nasi isibonelo sokwakha .btn-*ikilasi lesilungisi ngokwezifiso njengoba senza ezinkinobho ezihlukile kumadokhumenti ethu ngokunikeza kabusha okuguquguqukayo kwe-Bootstrap ye-CSS ngengxube yethu ye-CSS ne-Sass.

.btn-bd-primary {
  --bs-btn-font-weight: 600;
  --bs-btn-color: var(--bs-white);
  --bs-btn-bg: var(--bd-violet);
  --bs-btn-border-color: var(--bd-violet);
  --bs-btn-border-radius: .5rem;
  --bs-btn-hover-color: var(--bs-white);
  --bs-btn-hover-bg: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 10%)};
  --bs-btn-hover-border-color: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 10%)};
  --bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb: var(--bd-violet-rgb);
  --bs-btn-active-color: var(--bs-btn-hover-color);
  --bs-btn-active-bg: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 20%)};
  --bs-btn-active-border-color: #{shade-color($bd-violet, 20%)};
}

Izinguquko ze-Sass

$btn-padding-y:               $input-btn-padding-y;
$btn-padding-x:               $input-btn-padding-x;
$btn-font-family:             $input-btn-font-family;
$btn-font-size:               $input-btn-font-size;
$btn-line-height:             $input-btn-line-height;
$btn-white-space:             null; // Set to `nowrap` to prevent text wrapping

$btn-padding-y-sm:            $input-btn-padding-y-sm;
$btn-padding-x-sm:            $input-btn-padding-x-sm;
$btn-font-size-sm:            $input-btn-font-size-sm;

$btn-padding-y-lg:            $input-btn-padding-y-lg;
$btn-padding-x-lg:            $input-btn-padding-x-lg;
$btn-font-size-lg:            $input-btn-font-size-lg;

$btn-border-width:            $input-btn-border-width;

$btn-font-weight:             $font-weight-normal;
$btn-box-shadow:              inset 0 1px 0 rgba($white, .15), 0 1px 1px rgba($black, .075);
$btn-focus-width:             $input-btn-focus-width;
$btn-focus-box-shadow:        $input-btn-focus-box-shadow;
$btn-disabled-opacity:        .65;
$btn-active-box-shadow:       inset 0 3px 5px rgba($black, .125);

$btn-link-color:              var(--#{$prefix}link-color);
$btn-link-hover-color:        var(--#{$prefix}link-hover-color);
$btn-link-disabled-color:     $gray-600;

// Allows for customizing button radius independently from global border radius
$btn-border-radius:           $border-radius;
$btn-border-radius-sm:        $border-radius-sm;
$btn-border-radius-lg:        $border-radius-lg;

$btn-transition:              color .15s ease-in-out, background-color .15s ease-in-out, border-color .15s ease-in-out, box-shadow .15s ease-in-out;

$btn-hover-bg-shade-amount:       15%;
$btn-hover-bg-tint-amount:        15%;
$btn-hover-border-shade-amount:   20%;
$btn-hover-border-tint-amount:    10%;
$btn-active-bg-shade-amount:      20%;
$btn-active-bg-tint-amount:       20%;
$btn-active-border-shade-amount:  25%;
$btn-active-border-tint-amount:   10%;

Sass mixes

Kunemiksi emithathu yezinkinobho: imiksi yenkinobho neyohlaka oluhlukile (kokubili kusekelwe ku- $theme-colors), kanye nosayizi wenkinobho mixin.

@mixin button-variant(
  $background,
  $border,
  $color: color-contrast($background),
  $hover-background: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($background, $btn-hover-bg-shade-amount), tint-color($background, $btn-hover-bg-tint-amount)),
  $hover-border: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($border, $btn-hover-border-shade-amount), tint-color($border, $btn-hover-border-tint-amount)),
  $hover-color: color-contrast($hover-background),
  $active-background: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($background, $btn-active-bg-shade-amount), tint-color($background, $btn-active-bg-tint-amount)),
  $active-border: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($border, $btn-active-border-shade-amount), tint-color($border, $btn-active-border-tint-amount)),
  $active-color: color-contrast($active-background),
  $disabled-background: $background,
  $disabled-border: $border,
  $disabled-color: color-contrast($disabled-background)
) {
  --#{$prefix}btn-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-bg: #{$background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-color: #{$border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-color: #{$hover-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-bg: #{$hover-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-border-color: #{$hover-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-focus-shadow-rgb: #{to-rgb(mix($color, $border, 15%))};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-color: #{$active-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-bg: #{$active-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-border-color: #{$active-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-shadow: #{$btn-active-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-color: #{$disabled-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-bg: #{$disabled-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-border-color: #{$disabled-border};
}

@mixin button-outline-variant(
  $color,
  $color-hover: color-contrast($color),
  $active-background: $color,
  $active-border: $color,
  $active-color: color-contrast($active-background)
) {
  --#{$prefix}btn-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-color: #{$color-hover};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-bg: #{$active-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-hover-border-color: #{$active-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-focus-shadow-rgb: #{to-rgb($color)};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-color: #{$active-color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-bg: #{$active-background};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-border-color: #{$active-border};
  --#{$prefix}btn-active-shadow: #{$btn-active-box-shadow};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-bg: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}btn-disabled-border-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}gradient: none;
}

@mixin button-size($padding-y, $padding-x, $font-size, $border-radius) {
  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-y: #{$padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}btn-padding-x: #{$padding-x};
  @include rfs($font-size, --#{$prefix}btn-font-size);
  --#{$prefix}btn-border-radius: #{$border-radius};
}

Sass loops

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkinobho (izinkinobho ezivamile nezohlaka) zisebenzisa izingxube zazo ngokulandelana kwazo $theme-colorsnemephu yethu ukuze zenze amakilasi okulungisa ngo- scss/_buttons.scss.

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .btn-#{$color} {
    @if $color == "light" {
      @include button-variant(
        $value,
        $value,
        $hover-background: shade-color($value, $btn-hover-bg-shade-amount),
        $hover-border: shade-color($value, $btn-hover-border-shade-amount),
        $active-background: shade-color($value, $btn-active-bg-shade-amount),
        $active-border: shade-color($value, $btn-active-border-shade-amount)
      );
    } @else if $color == "dark" {
      @include button-variant(
        $value,
        $value,
        $hover-background: tint-color($value, $btn-hover-bg-tint-amount),
        $hover-border: tint-color($value, $btn-hover-border-tint-amount),
        $active-background: tint-color($value, $btn-active-bg-tint-amount),
        $active-border: tint-color($value, $btn-active-border-tint-amount)
      );
    } @else {
      @include button-variant($value, $value);
    }
  }
}

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .btn-outline-#{$color} {
    @include button-outline-variant($value);
  }
}