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Izinkinobho

Sebenzisa izitayela zenkinobho yangokwezifiso ye-Bootstrap ngezenzo ngamafomu, izingxoxo, nokuningi ngosekelo losayizi abaningi, izifunda, nokuningi.

Kuleli khasi

Izibonelo

I-Bootstrap ifaka phakathi izitayela zezinkinobho ezichazwe ngaphambilini, ngasinye sisebenzisa inhloso yaso ye-semantic, kanye nokwengeziwe okumbalwa okuphonswe ukuze kulawulwe okwengeziwe.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-light">Light</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-dark">Dark</button>

<button type="button" class="btn btn-link">Link</button>

Ukudlulisa incazelo kubuchwepheshe obusizayo

Ukusebenzisa umbala ukwengeza incazelo kunikeza kuphela inkomba ebonakalayo, engeke idluliselwe kubasebenzisi bobuchwepheshe obusizayo - njengezifundi zesikrini. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olushiwo umbala lusobala kokuqukethwe ngokwako (isb umbhalo obonakalayo), noma lufakwe ngezinye izindlela, njengombhalo owengeziwe ofihliwe .visually-hiddennekilasi.

Khubaza ukugoqa umbhalo

Uma ungafuni ukuthi umbhalo wenkinobho ugoqwe, ungangeza .text-nowrapiklasi enkinobho. Ku-Sass, ungasetha $btn-white-space: nowrapukukhubaza ukugoqa umbhalo kunkinobho ngayinye.

Omaka bezinkinobho

Amakilasi .btnaklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ne- <button>elementi. Kodwa-ke, ungasebenzisa la makilasi kuwo <a>noma <input>izakhi (yize ezinye iziphequluli zingasebenzisa ukunikezwa okuhlukile kancane).

Uma usebenzisa izinkinobho zamakilasi kuma- <a>elementi asetshenziselwa ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwekhasi (njengokuqukethwe okugoqiwe), esikhundleni sokuxhuma emakhasini amasha noma izigaba ezingaphakathi kwekhasi lamanje, lezi zixhumanisi kufanele zinikezwe role="button"ukuze zidlulisele injongo yazo ngendlela efanele kubuchwepheshe obusizayo obufana no. izifundi zesikrini.

Isixhumanisi

<a class="btn btn-primary" href="#" role="button">Link</a>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="Submit">
<input class="btn btn-primary" type="reset" value="Reset">

Izinkinobho zohlaka

Udinga inkinobho, kodwa hhayi imibala yangemuva enzima abayilethayo? Miselela amakilasi okulungisa azenzakalelayo .btn-outline-*nalawo ukuze ususe zonke izithombe ezingemuva nemibala kunoma iyiphi inkinobho.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary">Primary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Secondary</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success">Success</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-danger">Danger</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-warning">Warning</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-info">Info</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-light">Light</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-dark">Dark</button>

Ezinye zezitayela zezinkinobho zisebenzisa umbala ongaphambili okhanyayo ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela kungemuva elimnyama ukuze kube nokugqama okwanele.

Osayizi

Uyathanda izinkinobho ezinkulu noma ezincane? Engeza .btn-lgnoma .btn-smosayizi abengeziwe.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Large button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg">Large button</button>

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Small button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm">Small button</button>

Isimo sokukhubazeka

Yenza izinkinobho zibukeke zingasebenzi ngokwengeza disabledisibaluli se-boolean kunoma iyiphi i- <button>elementi. Izinkinobho ezikhutshaziwe pointer-events: nonezisetshenzisiwe, ezivimbela ukuya phezulu nezimo ezisebenzayo ukuthi zingacupha.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-primary" disabled>Primary button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" disabled>Button</button>

Izinkinobho ezikhutshaziwe ezisebenzisa i- <a>elementi ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile:

<a>s azisekeli disabledisibaluli, ngakho-ke kufanele wengeze .disabledikilasi ukuze ulenze libonakale likhubazekile.
Ezinye izitayela ezilungele ikusasa zifakiwe ukuze kukhubazwe konke pointer-eventskuzinkinobho zehange.
Izinkinobho ezikhubazekile ezisebenzisayo <a>kufanele zifake aria-disabled="true"isibaluli ukuze zibonise isimo se-elementi kubuchwepheshe obusizayo.
Izinkinobho ezikhubazekile ezisebenzisayo <a> akufanele zifake hrefisibaluli.

Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko Isixhumanisi

<a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg disabled" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>

Xhumanisa i-caveat yokusebenza

Ukumboza izimo lapho kufanele ugcine khona hrefisibaluli kusixhumanisi esikhubazekile, .disabledikilasi lisebenzisa pointer-events: noneukuzama ukukhubaza ukusebenza kwesixhumanisi se- <a>s. Qaphela ukuthi lesi sakhiwo se-CSS asikakafaneliselwa i-HTML, kodwa zonke iziphequluli zesimanje ziyayisekela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nasezipheqululini ezisekelayo pointer-events: none, ukuzulazula kwekhibhodi kuhlala kungathinteki, okusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bekhibhodi ababonayo nabasebenzisi bobuchwepheshe obusizayo basazokwazi ukwenza lezi zixhumanisi zisebenze. Ngakho-ke ukuze uphephe, ngaphezu kwalokho aria-disabled="true", faka tabindex="-1"isibaluli kulezi zixhumanisi ukuze uzivikele ekutholeni ukugxila kwekhibhodi, futhi usebenzise i-JavaScript yangokwezifiso ukukhubaza ukusebenza kwazo ngokuphelele.

Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko Isixhumanisi

<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Primary link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg disabled" tabindex="-1" role="button" aria-disabled="true">Link</a>

Vimba izinkinobho

Dala izitaki ezisabelayo zobubanzi obugcwele, "izinkinobho zokuvimba" njengalezo eziku-Bootstrap 4 ngenhlanganisela yesibonisi sethu nezinsiza zegebe. Ngokusebenzisa izinsiza esikhundleni sezinkinobho ezithile zamakilasi, sinokulawula okukhulu kakhulu esikhaleni, ukuqondanisa, nokuziphatha okuphendulayo.

<div class="d-grid gap-2">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Lapha sakha ukuhlukahluka okusabelayo, kuqala ngezinkinobho ezistakiwe ziqonde phezulu kuze kube indawo mdyokuphumula, lapho .d-md-blockkungena esikhundleni .d-gridsekilasi, ngaleyo ndlela senza umsebenzi ube gap-2yize. Shintsha usayizi wesiphequluli sakho ukuze uzibone zishintsha.

<div class="d-grid gap-2 d-md-block">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Ungalungisa ububanzi bezinkinobho zakho zebhulokhi ngamakilasi obubanzi bekholomu yegridi. Isibonelo, "kwinkinobho yokuvimba" yobubanzi obuyingxenye, sebenzisa .col-6. Beka phakathi nendawo ngokuvundlile ngokuthi .mx-auto, futhi.

<div class="d-grid gap-2 col-6 mx-auto">
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

Izinsiza ezengeziwe zingasetshenziswa ukulungisa ukuqondanisa kwezinkinobho uma zivundlile. Lapha sithathe isibonelo sethu sangaphambilini sokuphendula futhi sengeza izinsiza eziguquguqukayo kanye nesisetshenziswa semajini enkinobho ukuze siqondanise kwesokudla izinkinobho uma zingasastakiwe.

<div class="d-grid gap-2 d-md-flex justify-content-md-end">
  <button class="btn btn-primary me-md-2" type="button">Button</button>
  <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">Button</button>
</div>

I-plugin yenkinobho

I-plugin yenkinobho ikuvumela ukuthi udale izinkinobho zokuguqula ezilula zokuvula/ukuvala.

Ngokubukeka, lezi zinkinobho zokuguqula ziyefana nezinkinobho zokuguqula zebhokisi . Nokho, adluliswa ngendlela ehlukile ngobuchwepheshe obusizayo: ukuguqulwa kwebhokisi lokuhlola kuzomenyezelwa abafundi besikrini ngokuthi “kuhloliwe”/“akuhloliwe” (njengoba, naphezu kokubukeka kwabo, kusengamabhokisi okuhlola), kuyilapho lezi zinkinobho zokuguqula zizomenyezelwa njenge. “inkinobho”/“icindezelwe inkinobho”. Ukukhetha phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili kuzoncika ohlotsheni lokuguqula oludalayo, nokuthi ukuguqula kuzoba nengqondo yini kubasebenzisi uma kumenyezelwa njengebhokisi lokuhlola noma njengenkinobho yangempela.

Guqula izifundazwe

Engeza data-bs-toggle="button"ukuze uguqule isimo senkinobho active. Uma uguqula kusengaphambili inkinobho, kufanele ungeze .activeikilasi mathupha futhi aria-pressed="true" uqinisekise ukuthi idluliswa ngendlela efanele kubuchwepheshe obusizayo.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="button" autocomplete="off">Toggle button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary active" data-bs-toggle="button" autocomplete="off" aria-pressed="true">Active toggle button</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" disabled data-bs-toggle="button" autocomplete="off">Disabled toggle button</button>

Guqula isixhumanisi Isixhumanisi sokuguqula esisebenzayo Isixhumanisi sokuguqula sikhutshaziwe

<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button">Toggle link</a>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary active" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button" aria-pressed="true">Active toggle link</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary disabled" aria-disabled="true" role="button" data-bs-toggle="button">Disabled toggle link</a>

Izindlela

Ungakha isenzakalo senkinobho ngomakhi wenkinobho, isibonelo:

var button = document.getElementById('myButton')
var bsButton = new bootstrap.Button(button)

Indlela	Incazelo
`toggle`	Iguqula isimo sohlelo. Inikeza inkinobho ukubonakala sengathi yenziwe yasebenza.
`dispose`	Icekela phansi inkinobho yento. (Isusa idatha egciniwe kusici se-DOM)
`getInstance`	Indlela emile ekuvumela ukuthi uthole isibonelo senkinobho esihlotshaniswa nento ye-DOM, ungayisebenzisa kanje:`bootstrap.Button.getInstance(element)`
`getOrCreateInstance`	Indlela emile ebuyisela isibonelo senkinobho ehlotshaniswa nento ye-DOM noma idale entsha uma kwenzeka ingaqaliswanga. Ungayisebenzisa kanje:`bootstrap.Button.getOrCreateInstance(element)`

Isibonelo, ukuguqula zonke izinkinobho

var buttons = document.querySelectorAll('.btn')
buttons.forEach(function (button) {
  var button = new bootstrap.Button(button)
  button.toggle()
})

Sass

Okuguquguqukayo

$btn-padding-y:               $input-btn-padding-y;
$btn-padding-x:               $input-btn-padding-x;
$btn-font-family:             $input-btn-font-family;
$btn-font-size:               $input-btn-font-size;
$btn-line-height:             $input-btn-line-height;
$btn-white-space:             null; // Set to `nowrap` to prevent text wrapping

$btn-padding-y-sm:            $input-btn-padding-y-sm;
$btn-padding-x-sm:            $input-btn-padding-x-sm;
$btn-font-size-sm:            $input-btn-font-size-sm;

$btn-padding-y-lg:            $input-btn-padding-y-lg;
$btn-padding-x-lg:            $input-btn-padding-x-lg;
$btn-font-size-lg:            $input-btn-font-size-lg;

$btn-border-width:            $input-btn-border-width;

$btn-font-weight:             $font-weight-normal;
$btn-box-shadow:              inset 0 1px 0 rgba($white, .15), 0 1px 1px rgba($black, .075);
$btn-focus-width:             $input-btn-focus-width;
$btn-focus-box-shadow:        $input-btn-focus-box-shadow;
$btn-disabled-opacity:        .65;
$btn-active-box-shadow:       inset 0 3px 5px rgba($black, .125);

$btn-link-color:              $link-color;
$btn-link-hover-color:        $link-hover-color;
$btn-link-disabled-color:     $gray-600;

// Allows for customizing button radius independently from global border radius
$btn-border-radius:           $border-radius;
$btn-border-radius-sm:        $border-radius-sm;
$btn-border-radius-lg:        $border-radius-lg;

$btn-transition:              color .15s ease-in-out, background-color .15s ease-in-out, border-color .15s ease-in-out, box-shadow .15s ease-in-out;

$btn-hover-bg-shade-amount:       15%;
$btn-hover-bg-tint-amount:        15%;
$btn-hover-border-shade-amount:   20%;
$btn-hover-border-tint-amount:    10%;
$btn-active-bg-shade-amount:      20%;
$btn-active-bg-tint-amount:       20%;
$btn-active-border-shade-amount:  25%;
$btn-active-border-tint-amount:   10%;

Imiksi

Kunemiksi emithathu yezinkinobho: imiksi yenkinobho neyohlaka oluhlukile (kokubili kusekelwe ku- $theme-colors), kanye nosayizi wenkinobho mixin.

@mixin button-variant(
  $background,
  $border,
  $color: color-contrast($background),
  $hover-background: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($background, $btn-hover-bg-shade-amount), tint-color($background, $btn-hover-bg-tint-amount)),
  $hover-border: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($border, $btn-hover-border-shade-amount), tint-color($border, $btn-hover-border-tint-amount)),
  $hover-color: color-contrast($hover-background),
  $active-background: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($background, $btn-active-bg-shade-amount), tint-color($background, $btn-active-bg-tint-amount)),
  $active-border: if($color == $color-contrast-light, shade-color($border, $btn-active-border-shade-amount), tint-color($border, $btn-active-border-tint-amount)),
  $active-color: color-contrast($active-background),
  $disabled-background: $background,
  $disabled-border: $border,
  $disabled-color: color-contrast($disabled-background)
) {
  color: $color;
  @include gradient-bg($background);
  border-color: $border;
  @include box-shadow($btn-box-shadow);

  &:hover {
    color: $hover-color;
    @include gradient-bg($hover-background);
    border-color: $hover-border;
  }

  .btn-check:focus + &,
  &:focus {
    color: $hover-color;
    @include gradient-bg($hover-background);
    border-color: $hover-border;
    @if $enable-shadows {
      @include box-shadow($btn-box-shadow, 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba(mix($color, $border, 15%), .5));
    } @else {
      // Avoid using mixin so we can pass custom focus shadow properly
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba(mix($color, $border, 15%), .5);
    }
  }

  .btn-check:checked + &,
  .btn-check:active + &,
  &:active,
  &.active,
  .show > &.dropdown-toggle {
    color: $active-color;
    background-color: $active-background;
    // Remove CSS gradients if they're enabled
    background-image: if($enable-gradients, none, null);
    border-color: $active-border;

    &:focus {
      @if $enable-shadows {
        @include box-shadow($btn-active-box-shadow, 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba(mix($color, $border, 15%), .5));
      } @else {
        // Avoid using mixin so we can pass custom focus shadow properly
        box-shadow: 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba(mix($color, $border, 15%), .5);
      }
    }
  }

  &:disabled,
  &.disabled {
    color: $disabled-color;
    background-color: $disabled-background;
    // Remove CSS gradients if they're enabled
    background-image: if($enable-gradients, none, null);
    border-color: $disabled-border;
  }
}

@mixin button-outline-variant(
  $color,
  $color-hover: color-contrast($color),
  $active-background: $color,
  $active-border: $color,
  $active-color: color-contrast($active-background)
) {
  color: $color;
  border-color: $color;

  &:hover {
    color: $color-hover;
    background-color: $active-background;
    border-color: $active-border;
  }

  .btn-check:focus + &,
  &:focus {
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba($color, .5);
  }

  .btn-check:checked + &,
  .btn-check:active + &,
  &:active,
  &.active,
  &.dropdown-toggle.show {
    color: $active-color;
    background-color: $active-background;
    border-color: $active-border;

    &:focus {
      @if $enable-shadows {
        @include box-shadow($btn-active-box-shadow, 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba($color, .5));
      } @else {
        // Avoid using mixin so we can pass custom focus shadow properly
        box-shadow: 0 0 0 $btn-focus-width rgba($color, .5);
      }
    }
  }

  &:disabled,
  &.disabled {
    color: $color;
    background-color: transparent;
  }
}

@mixin button-size($padding-y, $padding-x, $font-size, $border-radius) {
  padding: $padding-y $padding-x;
  @include font-size($font-size);
  // Manually declare to provide an override to the browser default
  @include border-radius($border-radius, 0);
}

Amaluphu

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkinobho (izinkinobho ezivamile nezohlaka) zisebenzisa izingxube zazo ngokulandelana kwazo $theme-colorsnemephu yethu ukuze zenze amakilasi okulungisa ngo- scss/_buttons.scss.

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .btn-#{$color} {
    @include button-variant($value, $value);
  }
}

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .btn-outline-#{$color} {
    @include button-outline-variant($value);
  }
}