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Jukwaa

Kipengele cha onyesho la slaidi cha kuendesha baiskeli kupitia vipengele—picha au slaidi za maandishi—kama jukwa.

Katika ukurasa huu

Inavyofanya kazi

Jukwaa ni onyesho la slaidi la kuendesha baisikeli kupitia msururu wa maudhui, iliyojengwa kwa mabadiliko ya CSS 3D na JavaScript kidogo. Inafanya kazi na mfululizo wa picha, maandishi, au lebo maalum. Pia inajumuisha usaidizi kwa vidhibiti na viashirio vya awali/vifuatavyo.

Katika vivinjari ambapo API ya Mwonekano wa Ukurasa inatumika, jukwa litaepuka kuteleza wakati ukurasa wa wavuti hauonekani kwa mtumiaji (kama vile kichupo cha kivinjari kinapoacha kutumika, dirisha la kivinjari limepunguzwa, n.k.).

Athari ya uhuishaji ya kipengele hiki inategemea prefers-reduced-motionhoja ya midia. Tazama sehemu ya mwendo iliyopunguzwa ya hati zetu za ufikivu .

Tafadhali fahamu kuwa jukwa zilizowekwa kwenye viota hazitumiki, na jukwa kwa ujumla hazifuati viwango vya ufikivu.

Mfano

Majukwaa hayasawazishi vipimo vya slaidi kiotomatiki. Kwa hivyo, unaweza kuhitaji kutumia huduma za ziada au mitindo maalum ili saizi ya yaliyomo ipasavyo. Ingawa jukwa hutumia vidhibiti na viashirio vya awali/vifuatavyo, hazihitajiki kwa uwazi. Ongeza na ubinafsishe unavyoona inafaa.

Darasa .activelinahitaji kuongezwa kwenye mojawapo ya slaidi vinginevyo jukwa halitaonekana. Pia hakikisha umeweka ya kipekee idkwa .carouselvidhibiti vya hiari, haswa ikiwa unatumia misururu mingi kwenye ukurasa mmoja. Vipengele vya udhibiti na viashiria lazima viwe na data-bs-targetsifa (au hrefkwa viungo) vinavyolingana idna .carouselkipengele.

Slaidi pekee

Hapa kuna jukwa lenye slaidi pekee. Kumbuka uwepo wa picha za jukwa .d-blockna .w-100kwenye jukwa ili kuzuia upangaji wa picha chaguo-msingi wa kivinjari.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleSlidesOnly" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="carousel">
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Pamoja na vidhibiti

Kuongeza katika vidhibiti vilivyotangulia na vifuatavyo. Tunapendekeza kutumia <button>vipengele, lakini pia unaweza kutumia <a>vipengele vilivyo na role="button".

html 
<div id="carouselExampleControls" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="carousel">
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleControls" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleControls" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Na viashiria

Unaweza pia kuongeza viashiria kwenye jukwa, kando ya vidhibiti, pia.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleIndicators" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="true">
  <div class="carousel-indicators">
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="0" class="active" aria-current="true" aria-label="Slide 1"></button>
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="1" aria-label="Slide 2"></button>
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide-to="2" aria-label="Slide 3"></button>
  </div>
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleIndicators" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Na manukuu

Ongeza manukuu kwenye slaidi zako kwa urahisi na .carousel-captionkipengele kilicho ndani ya .carousel-item. Zinaweza kufichwa kwa urahisi kwenye tovuti ndogo za kutazama, kama inavyoonyeshwa hapa chini, na huduma za hiari za kuonyesha . Tunazificha mwanzoni .d-nonena kuzirudisha kwenye vifaa vya ukubwa wa wastani vilivyo na .d-md-block.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleCaptions" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="false">
  <div class="carousel-indicators">
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-bs-slide-to="0" class="active" aria-current="true" aria-label="Slide 1"></button>
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-bs-slide-to="1" aria-label="Slide 2"></button>
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-bs-slide-to="2" aria-label="Slide 3"></button>
  </div>
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
        <h5>First slide label</h5>
        <p>Some representative placeholder content for the first slide.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
        <h5>Second slide label</h5>
        <p>Some representative placeholder content for the second slide.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
        <h5>Third slide label</h5>
        <p>Some representative placeholder content for the third slide.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleCaptions" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Mtambuka

Ongeza .carousel-fadekwenye jukwa lako ili kuhuisha slaidi kwa mpito wa kufifia badala ya slaidi. Kulingana na yaliyomo kwenye jukwa lako (kwa mfano, slaidi za maandishi pekee), unaweza kutaka kuongeza .bg-bodyau CSS maalum kwa .carousel-items ili kuvuka vizuri.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleFade" class="carousel slide carousel-fade" data-bs-ride="carousel">
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleFade" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleFade" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Ongeza data-bs-interval=""kwa a .carousel-itemili kubadilisha muda wa kuchelewesha kati ya kuendesha baiskeli kiotomatiki hadi kipengee kinachofuata.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleInterval" class="carousel slide" data-bs-ride="carousel">
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active" data-bs-interval="10000">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item" data-bs-interval="2000">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleInterval" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleInterval" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Lemaza kutelezesha kidole kwa kugusa

Miduara inaauni kutelezesha kidole kushoto/kulia kwenye vifaa vya skrini ya kugusa ili kusogeza kati ya slaidi. Hii inaweza kulemazwa kwa kutumia data-bs-touchsifa. Mfano ulio hapa chini pia haujumuishi data-bs-ridesifa kwa hivyo haichezi kiotomatiki.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleControlsNoTouching" class="carousel slide" data-bs-touch="false">
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleControlsNoTouching" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleControlsNoTouching" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Lahaja ya giza

Ongeza .carousel-darkkwa .carouselvidhibiti vyeusi zaidi, viashirio na manukuu. Vidhibiti vimegeuzwa kutoka kwa ujazo wao mweupe chaguomsingi na sifa ya filterCSS. Manukuu na vidhibiti vina viambajengo vya ziada vya Sass ambavyo vinabinafsisha colorna background-color.

html 
<div id="carouselExampleDark" class="carousel carousel-dark slide" data-bs-ride="carousel">
  <div class="carousel-indicators">
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleDark" data-bs-slide-to="0" class="active" aria-current="true" aria-label="Slide 1"></button>
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleDark" data-bs-slide-to="1" aria-label="Slide 2"></button>
    <button type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleDark" data-bs-slide-to="2" aria-label="Slide 3"></button>
  </div>
  <div class="carousel-inner">
    <div class="carousel-item active" data-bs-interval="10000">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
        <h5>First slide label</h5>
        <p>Some representative placeholder content for the first slide.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item" data-bs-interval="2000">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
        <h5>Second slide label</h5>
        <p>Some representative placeholder content for the second slide.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="carousel-item">
      <img src="..." class="d-block w-100" alt="...">
      <div class="carousel-caption d-none d-md-block">
        <h5>Third slide label</h5>
        <p>Some representative placeholder content for the third slide.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <button class="carousel-control-prev" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleDark" data-bs-slide="prev">
    <span class="carousel-control-prev-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Previous</span>
  </button>
  <button class="carousel-control-next" type="button" data-bs-target="#carouselExampleDark" data-bs-slide="next">
    <span class="carousel-control-next-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span>
    <span class="visually-hidden">Next</span>
  </button>
</div>

Mpito maalum

Muda wa mpito wa .carousel-itemunaweza kubadilishwa na utofauti wa $carousel-transition-durationSass kabla ya kutunga au mitindo maalum ikiwa unatumia CSS iliyokusanywa. Iwapo mabadiliko mengi yatatumika, hakikisha ubadilishaji wa ubadilishaji umefafanuliwa kwanza (km transition: transform 2s ease, opacity .5s ease-out).

Sass

Vigezo

Vigezo kwa miduara yote:

$carousel-control-color:             $white;
$carousel-control-width:             15%;
$carousel-control-opacity:           .5;
$carousel-control-hover-opacity:     .9;
$carousel-control-transition:        opacity .15s ease;

$carousel-indicator-width:           30px;
$carousel-indicator-height:          3px;
$carousel-indicator-hit-area-height: 10px;
$carousel-indicator-spacer:          3px;
$carousel-indicator-opacity:         .5;
$carousel-indicator-active-bg:       $white;
$carousel-indicator-active-opacity:  1;
$carousel-indicator-transition:      opacity .6s ease;

$carousel-caption-width:             70%;
$carousel-caption-color:             $white;
$carousel-caption-padding-y:         1.25rem;
$carousel-caption-spacer:            1.25rem;

$carousel-control-icon-width:        2rem;

$carousel-control-prev-icon-bg:      url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='#{$carousel-control-color}'><path d='M11.354 1.646a.5.5 0 0 1 0 .708L5.707 8l5.647 5.646a.5.5 0 0 1-.708.708l-6-6a.5.5 0 0 1 0-.708l6-6a.5.5 0 0 1 .708 0z'/></svg>");
$carousel-control-next-icon-bg:      url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='#{$carousel-control-color}'><path d='M4.646 1.646a.5.5 0 0 1 .708 0l6 6a.5.5 0 0 1 0 .708l-6 6a.5.5 0 0 1-.708-.708L10.293 8 4.646 2.354a.5.5 0 0 1 0-.708z'/></svg>");

$carousel-transition-duration:       .6s;
$carousel-transition:                transform $carousel-transition-duration ease-in-out; // Define transform transition first if using multiple transitions (e.g., `transform 2s ease, opacity .5s ease-out`)

Vigezo vya jukwa la giza :

$carousel-dark-indicator-active-bg:  $black;
$carousel-dark-caption-color:        $black;
$carousel-dark-control-icon-filter:  invert(1) grayscale(100);

Matumizi

Kupitia sifa za data

Tumia sifa za data ili kudhibiti kwa urahisi nafasi ya jukwa. data-bs-slideinakubali manenomsingi prevau next, ambayo hubadilisha nafasi ya slaidi kulingana na nafasi yake ya sasa. Vinginevyo, tumia data-bs-slide-tokupitisha faharasa mbichi ya slaidi kwa carousel data-bs-slide-to="2", ambayo huhamisha nafasi ya slaidi hadi faharasa fulani inayoanza na 0.

Sifa data-bs-ride="carousel"hutumika kutia alama kwenye jukwa kama linalohuisha kuanzia kwenye upakiaji wa ukurasa. Ikiwa data-bs-ride="carousel"hutumii kuanzisha jukwa lako, lazima uanzishe mwenyewe. Haiwezi kutumika pamoja na (isiyohitajika na isiyo ya lazima) uanzishaji wa JavaScript ya jukwa moja.

Kupitia JavaScript

Piga jukwa mwenyewe na:

const carousel = new bootstrap.Carousel('#myCarousel')

Chaguo

Kwa vile chaguo zinaweza kupitishwa kupitia sifa za data au JavaScript, unaweza kuongeza jina la chaguo kwa data-bs-, kama katika data-bs-animation="{value}". Hakikisha umebadilisha aina ya kipochi cha jina la chaguo kutoka " camelCase " hadi " kebab-case " wakati wa kupitisha chaguo kupitia sifa za data. Kwa mfano, tumia data-bs-custom-class="beautifier"badala ya data-bs-customClass="beautifier".

Kufikia Bootstrap 5.2.0, vipengee vyote vinaauni sifa ya data iliyohifadhiwa ya majaribiodata-bs-config ambayo inaweza kuweka usanidi wa sehemu rahisi kama mfuatano wa JSON. Wakati kipengele kina data-bs-config='{"delay":0, "title":123}'na data-bs-title="456"sifa, titlethamani ya mwisho itakuwa 456na sifa tofauti za data zitabatilisha thamani zilizotolewa kwenye data-bs-config. Kwa kuongezea, sifa zilizopo za data zinaweza kuweka maadili ya JSON kama data-bs-delay='{"show":0,"hide":150}'.

Jina Aina Chaguomsingi Maelezo
interval nambari 5000 Muda wa kuchelewa kati ya kuendesha kipengee kiotomatiki.
keyboard boolean true Ikiwa jukwa linapaswa kuguswa na matukio ya kibodi.
pause kamba, boolean "hover" Ikiwekwa kuwa "hover", itasitisha uendeshaji wa baiskeli ya jukwa mouseenterna kuanza tena uendeshaji wa baisikeli wa jukwa mouseleave. Ikiwekwa kuwa false, kuelea juu ya jukwa hakutalisitisha. Kwenye vifaa vinavyoweza kugusa, ikiwekwa kuwa "hover", uendeshaji baiskeli utasitishwa touchend(mtumiaji atakapomaliza kuingiliana na jukwa) kwa vipindi viwili, kabla ya kuanza tena kiotomatiki. Hii ni pamoja na tabia ya panya.
ride kamba, boolean false Ikiwekwa kuwa true, hucheza jukwa kiotomatiki baada ya mtumiaji kuzungusha kipengee cha kwanza mwenyewe. Ikiwekwa kuwa "carousel", hucheza jukwa kiotomatiki linapopakia.
touch boolean true Ikiwa jukwa linafaa kuauni mwingiliano wa kutelezesha kidole kushoto/kulia kwenye vifaa vya skrini ya kugusa.
wrap boolean true Iwapo jukwa linapaswa kuzunguka mfululizo au kusimama kwa bidii.

Mbinu

Njia za Asynchronous na mabadiliko

Njia zote za API ni za asynchronous na zinaanzisha mpito . Wanarudi kwa mpigaji mara tu mpito unapoanza lakini kabla haujaisha . Kwa kuongeza, simu ya mbinu kwenye sehemu ya mpito itapuuzwa .

Tazama hati zetu za JavaScript kwa maelezo zaidi .

Unaweza kuunda mfano wa jukwa na mjenzi wa jukwa, kwa mfano, ili kuanzisha na chaguzi za ziada na kuanza kuendesha baiskeli kupitia vitu:

const myCarouselElement = document.querySelector('#myCarousel')
const carousel = new bootstrap.Carousel(myCarouselElement, {
  interval: 2000,
  wrap: false
})
Njia Maelezo
cycle Huzungusha vitu vya jukwa kutoka kushoto kwenda kulia.
dispose Huharibu jukwa la kipengele. (Huondoa data iliyohifadhiwa kwenye kipengele cha DOM)
getInstance Njia tuli ambayo hukuruhusu kupata mfano wa jukwa unaohusishwa na kipengee cha DOM, unaweza kuitumia kama hii: bootstrap.Carousel.getInstance(element).
getOrCreateInstance Mbinu tuli ambayo inarejesha tukio la jukwa linalohusishwa na kipengele cha DOM au kuunda jipya iwapo halijaanzishwa. Unaweza kuitumia kama hii bootstrap.Carousel.getOrCreateInstance(element):.
next Mizunguko hadi kipengee kinachofuata. Hurejesha kwa mpigaji simu kabla ya bidhaa inayofuata kuonyeshwa (kwa mfano, kabla ya slid.bs.carouseltukio kutokea).
nextWhenVisible Usizungushe jukwa kwenda linalofuata wakati ukurasa hauonekani au jukwa au mzazi wake hauonekani. Hurejesha kwa mpigaji simu kabla ya kipengee lengwa kuonyeshwa .
pause Husimamisha jukwa lisiendeshe baiskeli kupitia vitu.
prev Mizunguko ya kipengee kilichotangulia. Hurejesha kwa mpigaji simu kabla ya bidhaa iliyotangulia kuonyeshwa (kwa mfano, kabla ya slid.bs.carouseltukio kutokea).
to Huzungusha jukwa hadi fremu fulani (0 msingi, sawa na safu). Hurejesha kwa mpigaji simu kabla ya kipengee lengwa kuonyeshwa (kwa mfano, kabla ya slid.bs.carouseltukio kutokea).

Matukio

Darasa la jukwa la Bootstrap linafichua matukio mawili ya kuunganisha kwenye utendakazi wa jukwa. Matukio yote mawili yana sifa zifuatazo za ziada:

  • direction: Mwelekeo ambao jukwa linateleza (ama "left"au "right").
  • relatedTarget: Kipengele cha DOM ambacho kinatelezeshwa mahali kama kipengee kinachotumika.
  • from: Faharasa ya kipengee cha sasa
  • to: Faharasa ya kipengee kinachofuata

Matukio yote ya jukwa hupigwa risasi kwenye jukwa lenyewe (yaani kwenye <div class="carousel">).

Aina ya tukio Maelezo
slid.bs.carousel Imechomwa moto wakati jukwa limekamilisha mpito wake wa slaidi.
slide.bs.carousel Inawaka mara moja wakati slidembinu ya mfano inatumiwa. 
const myCarousel = document.getElementById('myCarousel')

myCarousel.addEventListener('slide.bs.carousel', event => {
  // do something...
})