Uthibitishaji
Toa maoni muhimu na yanayoweza kutekelezeka kwa watumiaji wako kwa uthibitishaji wa fomu ya HTML5, kupitia mienendo chaguomsingi ya kivinjari au mitindo maalum na JavaScript.
Inavyofanya kazi
Hivi ndivyo uthibitishaji wa fomu unavyofanya kazi na Bootstrap:
- Uthibitishaji wa fomu ya HTML unatumika kupitia madarasa ya uwongo ya CSS,
:invalid
na:valid
. Inatumika kwa<input>
,<select>
, na<textarea>
vipengele. - Bootstrap inapeana
:invalid
na:valid
mitindo kwa.was-validated
darasa la mzazi, kawaida hutumika kwa<form>
. Vinginevyo, sehemu yoyote inayohitajika bila thamani itaonekana kama batili kwenye upakiaji wa ukurasa. Kwa njia hii, unaweza kuchagua wakati wa kuziwasha (kawaida baada ya kujaribu kuwasilisha fomu). - Ili kuweka upya mwonekano wa fomu (kwa mfano, katika kesi ya uwasilishaji wa fomu inayobadilika kwa kutumia AJAX), ondoa
.was-validated
darasa kutoka<form>
tena baada ya kuwasilisha. - Kama njia mbadala,
.is-invalid
na.is-valid
madarasa yanaweza kutumika badala ya madarasa ya uwongo kwa uthibitishaji wa upande wa seva . Hazihitaji.was-validated
darasa la wazazi. - Kwa sababu ya vikwazo katika jinsi CSS inavyofanya kazi, hatuwezi (kwa sasa) kutumia mitindo kwa
<label>
ambayo huja kabla ya udhibiti wa fomu katika DOM bila usaidizi wa JavaScript maalum. - Vivinjari vyote vya kisasa vinaauni API ya uthibitishaji wa kikwazo , mfululizo wa mbinu za JavaScript za kuthibitisha vidhibiti vya fomu.
- Jumbe za maoni zinaweza kutumia chaguo-msingi za kivinjari (tofauti kwa kila kivinjari, na zisizo na mtindo kupitia CSS) au mitindo yetu maalum ya maoni yenye HTML na CSS ya ziada.
- Unaweza kutoa ujumbe maalum wa uhalali
setCustomValidity
katika JavaScript.
Kwa kuzingatia hilo, zingatia onyesho zifuatazo za mitindo yetu maalum ya uthibitishaji, madarasa ya upande wa seva ya hiari na chaguo-msingi za kivinjari.
Mitindo maalum
Kwa ujumbe maalum wa uthibitishaji wa fomu ya Bootstrap, utahitaji kuongeza novalidate
sifa ya boolean kwenye <form>
. Hii inazima vidokezo vya maoni chaguomsingi vya kivinjari, lakini bado hutoa ufikiaji wa API za uthibitishaji wa fomu katika JavaScript. Jaribu kuwasilisha fomu hapa chini; JavaScript yetu itakatiza kitufe cha kuwasilisha na kuwasilisha maoni kwako. Unapojaribu kuwasilisha, utaona mitindo :invalid
na :valid
vidhibiti vinavyotumika kwenye vidhibiti vya fomu yako.
Mitindo maalum ya maoni hutumia rangi maalum, mipaka, mitindo ya kuzingatia na aikoni za mandharinyuma ili kuwasiliana vyema na maoni. Aikoni za mandharinyuma za <select>
s zinapatikana tu na .form-select
, na si .form-control
.
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(function () {
'use strict'
// Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')
// Loop over them and prevent submission
Array.prototype.slice.call(forms)
.forEach(function (form) {
form.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
if (!form.checkValidity()) {
event.preventDefault()
event.stopPropagation()
}
form.classList.add('was-validated')
}, false)
})
})()
Chaguo-msingi za kivinjari
Je, huvutiwi na ujumbe wa maoni ya uthibitishaji maalum au kuandika JavaScript ili kubadilisha tabia za fomu? Kila kitu kizuri, unaweza kutumia chaguo-msingi za kivinjari. Jaribu kuwasilisha fomu iliyo hapa chini. Kulingana na kivinjari chako na Mfumo wa Uendeshaji, utaona mtindo tofauti kidogo wa maoni.
Ingawa mitindo hii ya maoni haiwezi kutengenezwa kwa kutumia CSS, bado unaweza kubinafsisha maandishi ya maoni kupitia JavaScript.
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Upande wa seva
Tunapendekeza utumie uthibitishaji wa upande wa mteja, lakini ikiwa utahitaji uthibitishaji wa upande wa seva, unaweza kuonyesha uga batili na sahihi wa fomu kwa .is-invalid
na .is-valid
. Kumbuka kwamba .invalid-feedback
pia inaungwa mkono na madarasa haya.
Kwa sehemu zisizo sahihi, hakikisha kuwa maoni/ujumbe wa hitilafu batili unahusishwa na uga wa fomu husika kwa kutumia aria-describedby
(ikibainisha kuwa sifa hii inaruhusu zaidi ya moja id
kurejelewa, iwapo sehemu hiyo tayari itaelekeza kwenye maandishi ya fomu ya ziada).
Ili kurekebisha masuala na radii ya mpaka , vikundi vya ingizo vinahitaji darasa la ziada .has-validation
.
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3 validationServerUsernameFeedback" required>
<div id="validationServerUsernameFeedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" aria-describedby="validationServer03Feedback" required>
<div id="validationServer03Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" aria-describedby="validationServer04Feedback" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div id="validationServer04Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" aria-describedby="validationServer05Feedback" required>
<div id="validationServer05Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" aria-describedby="invalidCheck3Feedback" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div id="invalidCheck3Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Vipengele vinavyoungwa mkono
Mitindo ya uthibitishaji inapatikana kwa vidhibiti na vipengele vifuatavyo vya fomu:
<input>
s na<textarea>
s na.form-control
(pamoja na hadi moja.form-control
katika vikundi vya ingizo)<select>
s na.form-select
.form-check
s
<form class="was-validated">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please enter a message in the textarea.
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
<option value="">Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<input type="file" class="form-control" aria-label="file example" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Vidokezo vya zana
Ikiwa mpangilio wa fomu yako unaruhusu, unaweza kubadilisha .{valid|invalid}-feedback
madarasa kwa .{valid|invalid}-tooltip
madarasa ili kuonyesha maoni ya uthibitishaji katika kidokezo cha mtindo. Hakikisha kuwa na mzazi position: relative
juu yake kwa nafasi ya kidokezo. Katika mfano ulio hapa chini, madarasa yetu ya safu wima tayari yana hii, lakini mradi wako unaweza kuhitaji usanidi mbadala.
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please choose a unique and valid username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Sass
Vigezo
$form-feedback-margin-top: $form-text-margin-top;
$form-feedback-font-size: $form-text-font-size;
$form-feedback-font-style: $form-text-font-style;
$form-feedback-valid-color: $success;
$form-feedback-invalid-color: $danger;
$form-feedback-icon-valid-color: $form-feedback-valid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-valid: url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'><path fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-valid-color}' d='M2.3 6.73L.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/></svg>");
$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color: $form-feedback-invalid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-invalid: url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}'><circle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/><path stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/><circle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}' stroke='none'/></svg>");
Mchanganyiko
Michanganyiko miwili imeunganishwa pamoja, kupitia kitanzi chetu , ili kutoa mitindo yetu ya maoni ya uthibitishaji wa fomu.
@mixin form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if ($state == "valid" or $state == "invalid") {
.was-validated #{if(&, "&", "")}:#{$state},
#{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
@content;
}
} @else {
#{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
@content;
}
}
}
@mixin form-validation-state(
$state,
$color,
$icon,
$tooltip-color: color-contrast($color),
$tooltip-bg-color: rgba($color, $form-feedback-tooltip-opacity),
$focus-box-shadow: 0 0 $input-btn-focus-blur $input-focus-width rgba($color, $input-btn-focus-color-opacity)
) {
.#{$state}-feedback {
display: none;
width: 100%;
margin-top: $form-feedback-margin-top;
@include font-size($form-feedback-font-size);
font-style: $form-feedback-font-style;
color: $color;
}
.#{$state}-tooltip {
position: absolute;
top: 100%;
z-index: 5;
display: none;
max-width: 100%; // Contain to parent when possible
padding: $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-y $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-x;
margin-top: .1rem;
@include font-size($form-feedback-tooltip-font-size);
line-height: $form-feedback-tooltip-line-height;
color: $tooltip-color;
background-color: $tooltip-bg-color;
@include border-radius($form-feedback-tooltip-border-radius);
}
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
~ .#{$state}-feedback,
~ .#{$state}-tooltip {
display: block;
}
}
.form-control {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
@if $enable-validation-icons {
padding-right: $input-height-inner;
background-image: escape-svg($icon);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: right $input-height-inner-quarter center;
background-size: $input-height-inner-half $input-height-inner-half;
}
&:focus {
border-color: $color;
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
}
}
// stylelint-disable-next-line selector-no-qualifying-type
textarea.form-control {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if $enable-validation-icons {
padding-right: $input-height-inner;
background-position: top $input-height-inner-quarter right $input-height-inner-quarter;
}
}
}
.form-select {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
@if $enable-validation-icons {
&:not([multiple]):not([size]),
&:not([multiple])[size="1"] {
padding-right: $form-select-feedback-icon-padding-end;
background-image: escape-svg($form-select-indicator), escape-svg($icon);
background-position: $form-select-bg-position, $form-select-feedback-icon-position;
background-size: $form-select-bg-size, $form-select-feedback-icon-size;
}
}
&:focus {
border-color: $color;
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
}
}
.form-check-input {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
&:checked {
background-color: $color;
}
&:focus {
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
~ .form-check-label {
color: $color;
}
}
}
.form-check-inline .form-check-input {
~ .#{$state}-feedback {
margin-left: .5em;
}
}
.input-group .form-control,
.input-group .form-select {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if $state == "valid" {
z-index: 1;
} @else if $state == "invalid" {
z-index: 2;
}
&:focus {
z-index: 3;
}
}
}
}
Ramani
Huu ndio uthibitishaji wa ramani ya Sass kutoka _variables.scss
. Batilisha au upanue hii ili kuzalisha majimbo tofauti au ya ziada.
$form-validation-states: (
"valid": (
"color": $form-feedback-valid-color,
"icon": $form-feedback-icon-valid
),
"invalid": (
"color": $form-feedback-invalid-color,
"icon": $form-feedback-icon-invalid
)
);
Ramani za $form-validation-states
inaweza kuwa na vigezo vitatu vya hiari ili kubatilisha vidokezo vya zana na mitindo ya kuzingatia.
Kitanzi
Inatumika kukariri juu $form-validation-states
ya thamani za ramani ili kutoa mitindo yetu ya uthibitishaji. Marekebisho yoyote kwenye ramani ya Sass hapo juu yataonyeshwa kwenye CSS yako iliyokusanywa kupitia kitanzi hiki.
@each $state, $data in $form-validation-states {
@include form-validation-state($state, $data...);
}
Kubinafsisha
Hali za uthibitishaji zinaweza kubinafsishwa kupitia Sass na $form-validation-states
ramani. Ipo kwenye _variables.scss
faili yetu, ramani hii ya Sass ni jinsi tunavyotoa hali chaguo-msingi valid
/ invalid
uthibitishaji. Imejumuishwa ni ramani iliyoorodheshwa kwa ajili ya kubinafsisha rangi ya kila jimbo, ikoni, rangi ya ncha ya zana, na kivuli cha kuzingatia. Ingawa hakuna majimbo mengine yanayotumika na vivinjari, wale wanaotumia mitindo maalum wanaweza kuongeza kwa urahisi maoni changamano zaidi ya fomu.
Tafadhali kumbuka kuwa hatupendekezi kubinafsisha $form-validation-states
maadili bila pia kurekebisha form-validation-state
mchanganyiko .