JavaScript

Bawa Bootstrap pikeun hirup kalawan plugins JavaScript pilihan urang diwangun dina jQuery. Diajar ngeunaan unggal plugin, data kami sareng pilihan API programmatic, sareng seueur deui.

Individu atawa disusun

Plugins tiasa dilebetkeun masing-masing (nganggo individu Bootstrap js/dist/*.js), atanapi sadayana sakaligus nganggo bootstrap.jsatanapi anu diminified bootstrap.min.js(henteu kalebet duanana).

Upami anjeun nganggo bundler (Webpack, Rollup…), anjeun tiasa nganggo /js/dist/*.jsfile anu siap UMD.

Depéndensi

Sababaraha plugins sareng komponén CSS gumantung kana plugins séjén. Upami anjeun ngalebetkeun plugin masing-masing, pastikeun pikeun pariksa katergantungan ieu dina dokumén. Catet ogé yén sadaya plugins gumantung kana jQuery (ieu hartosna jQuery kedah kalebet sateuacan file plugin). Taroskeun kamipackage.json pikeun ningali versi jQuery mana anu dirojong.

dropdowns kami, popovers na tooltips ogé gumantung kana Popper.js .

Atribut data

Nearly all Bootstrap plugins can be enabled and configured through HTML alone with data attributes (our preferred way of using JavaScript functionality). Be sure to only use one set of data attributes on a single element (e.g., you cannot trigger a tooltip and modal from the same button.)

However, in some situations it may be desirable to disable this functionality. To disable the data attribute API, unbind all events on the document namespaced with data-api like so:

$(document).off('.data-api')

Alternatively, to target a specific plugin, just include the plugin’s name as a namespace along with the data-api namespace like this:

$(document).off('.alert.data-api')

Events

Bootstrap provides custom events for most plugins’ unique actions. Generally, these come in an infinitive and past participle form - where the infinitive (ex. show) is triggered at the start of an event, and its past participle form (ex. shown) is triggered on the completion of an action.

All infinitive events provide preventDefault() functionality. This provides the ability to stop the execution of an action before it starts. Returning false from an event handler will also automatically call preventDefault().

$('#myModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (e) {
  if (!data) return e.preventDefault() // stops modal from being shown
})

Programmatic API

We also believe you should be able to use all Bootstrap plugins purely through the JavaScript API. All public APIs are single, chainable methods, and return the collection acted upon.

$('.btn.danger').button('toggle').addClass('fat')

All methods should accept an optional options object, a string which targets a particular method, or nothing (which initiates a plugin with default behavior):

$('#myModal').modal()                      // initialized with defaults
$('#myModal').modal({ keyboard: false })   // initialized with no keyboard
$('#myModal').modal('show')                // initializes and invokes show immediately

Each plugin also exposes its raw constructor on a Constructor property: $.fn.popover.Constructor. If you’d like to get a particular plugin instance, retrieve it directly from an element: $('[rel="popover"]').data('popover').

Asynchronous functions and transitions

All programmatic API methods are asynchronous and returns to the caller once the transition is started but before it ends.

In order to execute an action once the transition is complete, you can listen to the corresponding event.

$('#myCollapse').on('shown.bs.collapse', function (e) {
  // Action to execute once the collapsible area is expanded
})

In addition a method call on a transitioning component will be ignored.

$('#myCarousel').on('slid.bs.carousel', function (e) {
  $('#myCarousel').carousel('2') // Will slide to the slide 2 as soon as the transition to slide 1 is finished
})

$('#myCarousel').carousel('1') // Will start sliding to the slide 1 and returns to the caller
$('#myCarousel').carousel('2') // !! Will be ignored, as the transition to the slide 1 is not finished !!

Default settings

You can change the default settings for a plugin by modifying the plugin’s Constructor.Default object:

$.fn.modal.Constructor.Default.keyboard = false // changes default for the modal plugin's `keyboard` option to false

No conflict

Sometimes it is necessary to use Bootstrap plugins with other UI frameworks. In these circumstances, namespace collisions can occasionally occur. If this happens, you may call .noConflict on the plugin you wish to revert the value of.

var bootstrapButton = $.fn.button.noConflict() // return $.fn.button to previously assigned value
$.fn.bootstrapBtn = bootstrapButton            // give $().bootstrapBtn the Bootstrap functionality

Version numbers

The version of each of Bootstrap’s jQuery plugins can be accessed via the VERSION property of the plugin’s constructor. For example, for the tooltip plugin:

$.fn.tooltip.Constructor.VERSION // => "4.1.3"

No special fallbacks when JavaScript is disabled

Bootstrap’s plugins don’t fall back particularly gracefully when JavaScript is disabled. If you care about the user experience in this case, use <noscript> to explain the situation (and how to re-enable JavaScript) to your users, and/or add your own custom fallbacks.

Util

All Bootstrap’s JavaScript files depend on util.js and it has to be included alongside the other JavaScript files. If you’re using the compiled (or minified) bootstrap.js, there is no need to include this—it’s already there.

util.js includes utility functions and a basic helper for transitionEnd events as well as a CSS transition emulator. It’s used by the other plugins to check for CSS transition support and to catch hanging transitions.