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Validation

Ipa yakakosha, inogoneka mhinduro kune vashandisi vako neHTML5 fomu yekusimbisa, kuburikidza nebrowser default maitiro kana tsika zvitaera uye JavaScript.

Pa peji ino
Isu tinoziva kuti parizvino mutengi-parutivi tsika yekusimbisa masitayipi uye maturusi haawanikwe, sezvo iwo asiri kuratidzwa kune anobatsira matekinoroji. Tichiri kushanda pane mhinduro, isu tinokurudzira kushandisa iyo server-side sarudzo kana iyo default browser yekusimbisa nzira.

Zvinoshanda sei

Heano maitiro ekusimbisa fomu neBootstrap:

  • HTML fomu yekusimbisa inoshandiswa kuburikidza neCSS maviri ekunyepedzera-makirasi, :invaliduye :valid. Inoshanda kune <input>, <select>, uye <textarea>zvinhu.
  • Bootstrap inoyera iyo :invaliduye :validmasitayipi kukirasi yevabereki .was-validated, inowanzoiswa kune iyo <form>. Zvikasadaro, chero munda unodiwa usina kukosha unoratidza seusina kusimba pakurodha peji. Nenzira iyi, unogona kusarudza nguva yekuvamisa (kazhinji mushure mekutumira fomu kwaedza).
  • Kuti ugadzirise zvakare chitarisiko chefomu (semuenzaniso, kana iri dhizaini yekutumira fomu uchishandisa AJAX), bvisa .was-validatedkirasi kubva <form>zvakare mushure mekutumira.
  • Sekudzokera kumashure, .is-invaliduye .is-validmakirasi anogona kushandiswa pachinzvimbo chemanyepo-makirasi e server-side kusimbiswa . Havadi .was-validatedkirasi yevabereki.
  • Nekuda kwezvimhingamipinyi mumashandiro anoita CSS, hatigone (parizvino) kushandisa masitayipi kune <label>anouya pamberi pefomu rekutonga muDOM pasina rubatsiro rwetsika JavaScript.
  • Ese mabhurawuza emazuva ano anotsigira API yekumisikidzwa , nhevedzano yeJavaScript nzira dzekusimbisa mafomu ekutonga.
  • Mameseji emhinduro anogona kushandisa kusarudzika kwebrowser (yakasiyana pabrowser yega yega, uye isinganyoreki kuburikidza neCSS) kana maitiro edu emhinduro neHTML neCSS.
  • Unogona kupa mameseji echokwadi echinyakare setCustomValiditymuJavaScript.

Uine izvo mupfungwa, funga anotevera dhemo kune yedu tsika fomu yekusimbisa masitaera, sarudzo server-parutivi makirasi, uye browser defaults.

Zvitaera zvetsika

Kune mameseji ekusimbisa fomu yeBootstrap, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera iyo novalidateboolean hunhu kune yako <form>. Izvi zvinodzima matipi emhinduro dzebrowser, asi zvichingopa mukana weiyo fomu yekusimbisa maAPI muJavaScript. Edza kuendesa fomu riri pazasi; yedu JavaScript inotambira bhatani rekutumira uye nekudzosera mhinduro kwauri. Paunenge uchiedza kutumira, iwe uchaona iwo :invaliduye :validmasitaera akaiswa kune ako emafomu ekutonga.

Tsika dzemhinduro masitaera dzinoshandisa mavara echinyakare, miganhu, zvitaera zvekutarisisa, uye zvidhori zvekumashure kutaurirana zvirinani. Background icons for <select>s inongowanikwa ne .form-select, uye kwete .form-control.

Looks good!
Looks good!
@
Please choose a username.
Please provide a valid city.
Please select a valid state.
Please provide a valid zip.
You must agree before submitting. 
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
      <div class="invalid-feedback">
        Please choose a username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
      <div class="invalid-feedback">
        You must agree before submitting.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(function () {
  'use strict'

  // Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
  var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')

  // Loop over them and prevent submission
  Array.prototype.slice.call(forms)
    .forEach(function (form) {
      form.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
        if (!form.checkValidity()) {
          event.preventDefault()
          event.stopPropagation()
        }

        form.classList.add('was-validated')
      }, false)
    })
})()

Browser defaults

Haufarire mameseji emhinduro yekusimbisa kana kunyora JavaScript kuti uchinje maitiro? Zvese zvakanaka, unogona kushandisa zvimiro zvebrowser. Edza kutumira fomu riri pazasi. Zvichienderana nebrowser yako neOS, uchaona imwe nzira yakasiyana yemhinduro.

Nepo aya masitayera emhinduro asingagone kunyorwa neCSS, unogona kugadzirisa mameseji emhinduro kuburikidza neJavaScript.

@ 
<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername"  aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Server side

Isu tinokurudzira kushandisa mutengi-parutivi kusimbiswa, asi kana iwe uchida server-parutivi kusimbiswa, unogona kuratidza isiriyo uye inoshanda fomu maminda ane .is-invaliduye .is-valid. Ziva izvo .invalid-feedbackzvinotsigirwawo nemakirasi aya.

Kunzvimbo dzisiridzo, ita shuwa kuti mhinduro/meseji yemhosho inobatanidzwa nendima yefomu yakakodzera uchishandisa aria-describedby(tichicherekedza kuti hunhu uhu hunobvumira kuti anodarika one idkuti ataure, kana munda wacho watonongedzera kune mamwe mameseji efomu).

Kugadzirisa nyaya nebhodha radii , mapoka ekuisa anoda imwe .has-validationkirasi.

Zvinotaridzika zvakanaka!
Zvinotaridzika zvakanaka!
@
Ndapota sarudza zita rekushandisa.
Ndokumbira upe guta rinoshanda.
Ndapota sarudza nyika inoshanda.
Ndokumbira upe zip inoshanda.
Unofanira kubvumirana usati watumira. 
<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3 validationServerUsernameFeedback" required>
      <div id="validationServerUsernameFeedback" class="invalid-feedback">
        Please choose a username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" aria-describedby="validationServer03Feedback" required>
    <div id="validationServer03Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" aria-describedby="validationServer04Feedback" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div id="validationServer04Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" aria-describedby="validationServer05Feedback" required>
    <div id="validationServer05Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" aria-describedby="invalidCheck3Feedback" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
      <div id="invalidCheck3Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
        You must agree before submitting.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Zvinhu zvinotsigirwa

Validation masitaera anowanikwa kune anotevera fomu kudzora uye zvikamu:

  • <input>s uye <textarea>s ne .form-control(kusanganisira kusvika kune imwe .form-controlmumapoka ekuisa)
  • <select>s ne.form-select
  • .form-checks
Ndokumbira uise meseji munzvimbo yemashoko.
Muenzaniso mashoko emhinduro haashandi
Mimwe muenzaniso mavara emhinduro isiriyo
Sarudzo yemuenzaniso haisiyo
Mhinduro yefaira refomu isingaite 
<form class="was-validated">
  <div class="mb-3">
    <label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
    <textarea class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please enter a message in the textarea.
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="form-check mb-3">
    <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="form-check">
    <input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
  </div>
  <div class="form-check mb-3">
    <input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
      <option value="">Open this select menu</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <input type="file" class="form-control" aria-label="file example" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Tooltips

Kana chimiro chako chefomu chichichibvumira, unogona kuchinjanisa .{valid|invalid}-feedbackmakirasi .{valid|invalid}-tooltipemakirasi kuratidza mhinduro yekusimbisa mune yakashongedzwa tooltip. Iva nechokwadi chekuve nemubereki position: relativepairi wetip yekumisikidza. Mumuenzaniso uri pazasi, makirasi edu emakoramu ane izvi nechekare, asi purojekiti yako ingangoda imwe yekuseta.

Looks good!
Looks good!
@
Please choose a unique and valid username.
Please provide a valid city.
Please select a valid state.
Please provide a valid zip. 
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-tooltip">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-tooltip">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
      <div class="invalid-tooltip">
        Please choose a unique and valid username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Sass

Variables

$form-feedback-margin-top:          $form-text-margin-top;
$form-feedback-font-size:           $form-text-font-size;
$form-feedback-font-style:          $form-text-font-style;
$form-feedback-valid-color:         $success;
$form-feedback-invalid-color:       $danger;

$form-feedback-icon-valid-color:    $form-feedback-valid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-valid:          url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'><path fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-valid-color}' d='M2.3 6.73L.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/></svg>");
$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color:  $form-feedback-invalid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-invalid:        url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}'><circle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/><path stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/><circle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}' stroke='none'/></svg>");

Mixins

Misanganiswa miviri inosanganiswa pamwechete, kuburikidza ne loop yedu , kugadzira yedu fomu yekusimbisa mhinduro masitaera.

@mixin form-validation-state-selector($state) {
  @if ($state == "valid" or $state == "invalid") {
    .was-validated #{if(&, "&", "")}:#{$state},
    #{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
      @content;
    }
  } @else {
    #{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
      @content;
    }
  }
}

@mixin form-validation-state(
  $state,
  $color,
  $icon,
  $tooltip-color: color-contrast($color),
  $tooltip-bg-color: rgba($color, $form-feedback-tooltip-opacity),
  $focus-box-shadow: 0 0 $input-btn-focus-blur $input-focus-width rgba($color, $input-btn-focus-color-opacity)
) {
  .#{$state}-feedback {
    display: none;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: $form-feedback-margin-top;
    @include font-size($form-feedback-font-size);
    font-style: $form-feedback-font-style;
    color: $color;
  }

  .#{$state}-tooltip {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    z-index: 5;
    display: none;
    max-width: 100%; // Contain to parent when possible
    padding: $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-y $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-x;
    margin-top: .1rem;
    @include font-size($form-feedback-tooltip-font-size);
    line-height: $form-feedback-tooltip-line-height;
    color: $tooltip-color;
    background-color: $tooltip-bg-color;
    @include border-radius($form-feedback-tooltip-border-radius);
  }

  @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
    ~ .#{$state}-feedback,
    ~ .#{$state}-tooltip {
      display: block;
    }
  }

  .form-control {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        padding-right: $input-height-inner;
        background-image: escape-svg($icon);
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: right $input-height-inner-quarter center;
        background-size: $input-height-inner-half $input-height-inner-half;
      }

      &:focus {
        border-color: $color;
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }
    }
  }

  // stylelint-disable-next-line selector-no-qualifying-type
  textarea.form-control {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        padding-right: $input-height-inner;
        background-position: top $input-height-inner-quarter right $input-height-inner-quarter;
      }
    }
  }

  .form-select {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        &:not([multiple]):not([size]),
        &:not([multiple])[size="1"] {
          padding-right: $form-select-feedback-icon-padding-end;
          background-image: escape-svg($form-select-indicator), escape-svg($icon);
          background-position: $form-select-bg-position, $form-select-feedback-icon-position;
          background-size: $form-select-bg-size, $form-select-feedback-icon-size;
        }
      }

      &:focus {
        border-color: $color;
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }
    }
  }

  .form-check-input {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      &:checked {
        background-color: $color;
      }

      &:focus {
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }

      ~ .form-check-label {
        color: $color;
      }
    }
  }
  .form-check-inline .form-check-input {
    ~ .#{$state}-feedback {
      margin-left: .5em;
    }
  }

  .input-group .form-control,
  .input-group .form-select {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      @if $state == "valid" {
        z-index: 1;
      } @else if $state == "invalid" {
        z-index: 2;
      }
      &:focus {
        z-index: 3;
      }
    }
  }
}

Map

Iyi ndiyo mepu yekusimbisa yeSass kubva _variables.scss. Wedzera kana kuwedzera izvi kuti ugadzire nyika dzakasiyana kana dzekuwedzera.

$form-validation-states: (
  "valid": (
    "color": $form-feedback-valid-color,
    "icon": $form-feedback-icon-valid
  ),
  "invalid": (
    "color": $form-feedback-invalid-color,
    "icon": $form-feedback-icon-invalid
  )
);

Mamepu e $form-validation-statesanogona kuve neatatu esarudzo maparameter ekudarika maturusi ekushandisa uye zvitaera zvekutarisa.

Loop

Inoshandiswa kudzokorora $form-validation-stateskukosha kwemepu kugadzira masitaera edu ekusimbisa. Chero shanduko kumepu yeSass iri pamusoro icharatidzwa muCSS yako yakaunganidzwa kuburikidza neichi loop.

@each $state, $data in $form-validation-states {
  @include form-validation-state($state, $data...);
}

Customizing

Validation states inogona kugadziriswa kuburikidza neSass $form-validation-statesnemepu. Iri _variables.scssmufaira redu, iyi mepu yeSass ndiyo magadzirirwo atinoita iyo default valid/ invalidyekusimbisa nyika. Inosanganisirwa mepu yakasarudzika yekugadzirisa ruvara rwenyika yega yega, icon, tooltip color, uye mumvuri wekutarisa. Kunyange pasina dzimwe nyika dzinotsigirwa nemabhurawuza, avo vanoshandisa masitaera echinyakare vanogona kuwedzera zviri nyore mhinduro yefomu yakaoma.

Ndokumbira utarise kuti isu hatikurudzire kugadzirisa $form-validation-statestsika pasina zvakare kugadzirisa form-validation-statemusanganiswa .