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Zidziwitso

Perekani mauthenga okhudzana ndi zochitika za ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mauthenga ochepa omwe alipo komanso osinthika.

Patsamba ili

Zitsanzo

Zidziwitso zilipo pautali uliwonse wa mawu, komanso batani lotseka lomwe mwasankha. Kuti mupange makongoletsedwe oyenera, gwiritsani ntchito limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi atatu ofunikira (mwachitsanzo, .alert-success). Pochotsa pakati, gwiritsani ntchito pulogalamu yowonjezera ya JavaScript .

html 
<div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
  A simple primary alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-secondary" role="alert">
  A simple secondary alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
  A simple success alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
  A simple danger alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
  A simple warning alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
  A simple info alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-light" role="alert">
  A simple light alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-dark" role="alert">
  A simple dark alert—check it out!
</div>
Kupereka tanthauzo ku matekinoloje othandizira

Kugwiritsa ntchito utoto kuti muwonjezere tanthauzo kumangopereka chithunzithunzi, chomwe sichidzaperekedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje othandizira - monga owerenga pazenera. Onetsetsani kuti zomwe zatchulidwa ndi mtunduwo zikuwonekera kuchokera pazomwe zili (monga zolemba zowonekera), kapena zikuphatikizidwa ndi njira zina, monga zolemba zina zobisika ndi .visually-hiddenkalasi.

Chitsanzo chamoyo

Dinani batani ili m'munsimu kuti muwonetse chenjezo (lobisika ndi masitayelo apaintaneti kuti muyambe), ndiye chichotseni (ndi kuwononga) ndi batani lotsekera lomwe lamangidwa.

html 
<div id="liveAlertPlaceholder"></div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="liveAlertBtn">Show live alert</button>

Timagwiritsa ntchito JavaScript yotsatirayi kuti tiyambitse chiwonetsero chathu cha chenjezo:

const alertPlaceholder = document.getElementById('liveAlertPlaceholder')

const alert = (message, type) => {
  const wrapper = document.createElement('div')
  wrapper.innerHTML = [
    `<div class="alert alert-${type} alert-dismissible" role="alert">`,
    `   <div>${message}</div>`,
    '   <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"></button>',
    '</div>'
  ].join('')

  alertPlaceholder.append(wrapper)
}

const alertTrigger = document.getElementById('liveAlertBtn')
if (alertTrigger) {
  alertTrigger.addEventListener('click', () => {
    alert('Nice, you triggered this alert message!', 'success')
  })
}

Gwiritsani .alert-linkntchito gulu lothandizira kuti mupereke ulalo wamitundu yofananira mu chenjezo lililonse.

html 
<div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
  A simple primary alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-secondary" role="alert">
  A simple secondary alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
  A simple success alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
  A simple danger alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
  A simple warning alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
  A simple info alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-light" role="alert">
  A simple light alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-dark" role="alert">
  A simple dark alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>

Zina zowonjezera

Zidziwitso zitha kukhalanso ndi zinthu zina za HTML monga mitu, ndime ndi zogawa.

html 
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
  <h4 class="alert-heading">Well done!</h4>
  <p>Aww yeah, you successfully read this important alert message. This example text is going to run a bit longer so that you can see how spacing within an alert works with this kind of content.</p>
  <hr>
  <p class="mb-0">Whenever you need to, be sure to use margin utilities to keep things nice and tidy.</p>
</div>

Zithunzi

Momwemonso, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida za flexbox ndi Zithunzi za Bootstrap kuti mupange zidziwitso ndi zithunzi. Kutengera zithunzi zanu ndi zomwe muli nazo, mungafune kuwonjezera zina zowonjezera kapena masitayelo anu.

html 
<div class="alert alert-primary d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle-fill flex-shrink-0 me-2" viewBox="0 0 16 16" role="img" aria-label="Warning:">
    <path d="M8.982 1.566a1.13 1.13 0 0 0-1.96 0L.165 13.233c-.457.778.091 1.767.98 1.767h13.713c.889 0 1.438-.99.98-1.767L8.982 1.566zM8 5c.535 0 .954.462.9.995l-.35 3.507a.552.552 0 0 1-1.1 0L7.1 5.995A.905.905 0 0 1 8 5zm.002 6a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2z"/>
  </svg>
  <div>
    An example alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>

Mukufuna zithunzi zoposa chimodzi pazochenjeza zanu? Lingalirani kugwiritsa ntchito Zithunzi za Bootstrap zambiri ndikupanga SVG sprite yanu kuti muzitha kutchulanso zithunzi zomwezo mobwerezabwereza.

html 
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;">
  <symbol id="check-circle-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zm-3.97-3.03a.75.75 0 0 0-1.08.022L7.477 9.417 5.384 7.323a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06 1.06L6.97 11.03a.75.75 0 0 0 1.079-.02l3.992-4.99a.75.75 0 0 0-.01-1.05z"/>
  </symbol>
  <symbol id="info-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M8 16A8 8 0 1 0 8 0a8 8 0 0 0 0 16zm.93-9.412-1 4.705c-.07.34.029.533.304.533.194 0 .487-.07.686-.246l-.088.416c-.287.346-.92.598-1.465.598-.703 0-1.002-.422-.808-1.319l.738-3.468c.064-.293.006-.399-.287-.47l-.451-.081.082-.381 2.29-.287zM8 5.5a1 1 0 1 1 0-2 1 1 0 0 1 0 2z"/>
  </symbol>
  <symbol id="exclamation-triangle-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M8.982 1.566a1.13 1.13 0 0 0-1.96 0L.165 13.233c-.457.778.091 1.767.98 1.767h13.713c.889 0 1.438-.99.98-1.767L8.982 1.566zM8 5c.535 0 .954.462.9.995l-.35 3.507a.552.552 0 0 1-1.1 0L7.1 5.995A.905.905 0 0 1 8 5zm.002 6a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2z"/>
  </symbol>
</svg>

<div class="alert alert-primary d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Info:"><use xlink:href="#info-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Success:"><use xlink:href="#check-circle-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example success alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Warning:"><use xlink:href="#exclamation-triangle-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example warning alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Danger:"><use xlink:href="#exclamation-triangle-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example danger alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>

Kuchotsa

Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowonjezera ya JavaScript, ndizotheka kuletsa chenjezo lililonse lomwe lili pamzere. Umu ndi momwe:

  • Onetsetsani kuti mwatsitsa pulogalamu yowonjezera yochenjeza, kapena Bootstrap JavaScript yophatikizidwa.
  • Onjezani batani lotseka ndi .alert-dismissiblekalasi, zomwe zimawonjezera zowonjezera kumanja kwa chenjezo ndikuyika batani lotseka.
  • Pa batani lotseka, yonjezerani mawonekedwe data-bs-dismiss="alert", omwe amayambitsa kugwira ntchito kwa JavaScript. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito <button>chinthucho kuti muzichita bwino pazida zonse.
  • Kuti muwongolere zidziwitso mukamawachotsa, onetsetsani kuti mwawonjezera .fadendi .showmakalasi.

Mutha kuwona izi mukuchita ndi chiwonetsero chamoyo:

html 
<div class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissible fade show" role="alert">
  <strong>Holy guacamole!</strong> You should check in on some of those fields below.
  <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"></button>
</div>
Chidziwitso chikachotsedwa, chinthucho chimachotsedwa pamasamba. Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito kiyibodi achotsa chenjezo pogwiritsa ntchito batani loyandikira, cholinga chawo chidzatayika mwadzidzidzi ndipo, malingana ndi msakatuli, bwererani kumayambiriro kwa tsamba/chikalata. Pazifukwa izi, tikupangira kuti muphatikizepo JavaScript yowonjezera yomwe imamvetsera closed.bs.alertchochitikacho ndikuyika focus()malo oyenera patsambalo. Ngati mukukonzekera kusunthira ku chinthu chosagwiritsa ntchito chomwe nthawi zambiri sichilandira chidwi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonjezera tabindex="-1"pa chinthucho.

CSS

Zosintha

Yowonjezedwa mu v5.2.0

Monga gawo la njira yosinthira ya CSS ya Bootstrap, zidziwitso tsopano zimagwiritsa ntchito zosintha za CSS zakomweko kuti zithandizire kusintha .alertnthawi yeniyeni. Makhalidwe amitundu ya CSS amayikidwa kudzera pa Sass, kotero makonda a Sass akadali othandizidwa, nawonso.

  --#{$prefix}alert-bg: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}alert-padding-x: #{$alert-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}alert-padding-y: #{$alert-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}alert-margin-bottom: #{$alert-margin-bottom};
  --#{$prefix}alert-color: inherit;
  --#{$prefix}alert-border-color: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}alert-border: #{$alert-border-width} solid var(--#{$prefix}alert-border-color);
  --#{$prefix}alert-border-radius: #{$alert-border-radius};

Zosintha za Sass

$alert-padding-y:               $spacer;
$alert-padding-x:               $spacer;
$alert-margin-bottom:           1rem;
$alert-border-radius:           $border-radius;
$alert-link-font-weight:        $font-weight-bold;
$alert-border-width:            $border-width;
$alert-bg-scale:                -80%;
$alert-border-scale:            -70%;
$alert-color-scale:             40%;
$alert-dismissible-padding-r:   $alert-padding-x * 3; // 3x covers width of x plus default padding on either side

Sass mix

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi $theme-colorskupanga makalasi osintha zinthu pazidziwitso zathu.

@mixin alert-variant($background, $border, $color) {
  --#{$prefix}alert-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}alert-bg: #{$background};
  --#{$prefix}alert-border-color: #{$border};

  @if $enable-gradients {
    background-image: var(--#{$prefix}gradient);
  }

  .alert-link {
    color: shade-color($color, 20%);
  }
}

Sass loop

Loop yomwe imapanga makalasi osintha ndi alert-variant()mixin.

// Generate contextual modifier classes for colorizing the alert.

@each $state, $value in $theme-colors {
  $alert-background: shift-color($value, $alert-bg-scale);
  $alert-border: shift-color($value, $alert-border-scale);
  $alert-color: shift-color($value, $alert-color-scale);

  @if (contrast-ratio($alert-background, $alert-color) < $min-contrast-ratio) {
    $alert-color: mix($value, color-contrast($alert-background), abs($alert-color-scale));
  }
  .alert-#{$state} {
    @include alert-variant($alert-background, $alert-border, $alert-color);
  }
}

Makhalidwe a JavaScript

Yambitsani

Yambitsani zinthu ngati zidziwitso

const alertList = document.querySelectorAll('.alert')
const alerts = [...alertList].map(element => new bootstrap.Alert(element))

Pacholinga chokhacho chochotsa chenjezo, sikofunikira kuyambitsa gawolo pamanja kudzera pa JS API. Pogwiritsa ntchito data-bs-dismiss="alert", chigawocho chidzakhazikitsidwa chokha ndikuchotsedwa bwino.

Onani gawo la zoyambitsa kuti mumve zambiri.

Zoyambitsa

Kuthamangitsidwa kumatha kutheka ndi lingaliro lomwe lili datapa batani mkati mwa chenjezo monga momwe zasonyezedwera pansipa:

<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"></button>

kapena pa batani lomwe lili kunja kwa chenjezo pogwiritsa ntchito data-bs-targetzomwe zili pansipa:

<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" data-bs-target="#my-alert" aria-label="Close"></button>

Dziwani kuti kutseka chenjezo kudzachotsa ku DOM.

Njira

Mutha kupanga chenjezo ndi wopanga zidziwitso, mwachitsanzo:

const bsAlert = new bootstrap.Alert('#myAlert')

Izi zimapangitsa kukhala tcheru kumvetsera zochitika zomwe zimadulidwa pazotsatira zomwe zili ndi tanthauzo data-bs-dismiss="alert". (Sizofunikira mukamagwiritsa ntchito data-api's auto-initialization.)

Njira Kufotokozera
close Kutseka chenjezo pochotsa mu DOM. Ngati ma .fadendi .showmakalasi alipo pa chinthucho, chenjezo lizimiririka lisanachotsedwe.
dispose Imawononga chenjezo la chinthu. (Imachotsa deta yosungidwa pa chinthu cha DOM)
getInstance Njira yosasunthika yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wochenjeza wolumikizidwa ndi chinthu cha DOM. Mwachitsanzo bootstrap.Alert.getInstance(alert):.
getOrCreateInstance Njira yosasunthika yomwe imabweretsanso chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi chinthu cha DOM kapena kupanga china chatsopano ngati sichinayambike. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito motere bootstrap.Alert.getOrCreateInstance(element):.

Kugwiritsa ntchito koyambira:

const alert = bootstrap.Alert.getOrCreateInstance('#myAlert')
alert.close()

Zochitika

Pulogalamu yowonjezera yochenjeza ya Bootstrap imawulula zochitika zingapo kuti zigwirizane ndi ntchito zochenjeza.

Chochitika Kufotokozera
close.bs.alert Kuyatsa nthawi yomweyo closenjira yachitsanzo itayitanidwa.
closed.bs.alert Kuwotchedwa pamene chenjezo latsekedwa ndipo kusintha kwa CSS kwatha. 
const myAlert = document.getElementById('myAlert')
myAlert.addEventListener('closed.bs.alert', event => {
  // do something, for instance, explicitly move focus to the most appropriate element,
  // so it doesn't get lost/reset to the start of the page
  // document.getElementById('...').focus()
})