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ड्रपडाउनहरू

बुटस्ट्र्याप ड्रपडाउन प्लगइनको साथ लिङ्कहरूको सूची र थप प्रदर्शन गर्नको लागि प्रासंगिक ओभरलेहरू टगल गर्नुहोस्।

अवलोकन

ड्रपडाउनहरू टगल गर्न मिल्ने, लिङ्कहरूको सूची र थप कुराहरू देखाउनका लागि प्रासंगिक ओभरलेहरू छन्। तिनीहरू समावेश बुटस्ट्र्याप ड्रपडाउन JavaScript प्लगइनसँग अन्तरक्रियात्मक बनाइएका छन्। तिनीहरू क्लिक गरेर टगल गरिएका छन्, होभर गरेर होइन; यो एक जानाजानी डिजाइन निर्णय हो ।

ड्रपडाउनहरू तेस्रो पक्षको पुस्तकालय, Popper.js मा बनाइएका छन् , जसले गतिशील स्थिति र भ्यूपोर्ट पत्ता लगाउने सुविधा प्रदान गर्दछ। Bootstrap को JavaScript अघि popper.min.js समावेश गर्न निश्चित हुनुहोस् वा प्रयोग गर्नुहोस् bootstrap.bundle.min.js/ bootstrap.bundle.jsजसमा Popper.js समावेश छ। Popper.js लाई navbars मा ड्रपडाउन राख्न को लागी प्रयोग गरिदैन यद्यपि गतिशील स्थिति आवश्यक छैन।

यदि तपाइँ स्रोतबाट हाम्रो जाभास्क्रिप्ट निर्माण गर्दै हुनुहुन्छ भने, यसलाई आवश्यक छutil.js

पहुँच

WAI ARIA मानकले वास्तविक role="menu"विजेट परिभाषित गर्दछ , तर यो अनुप्रयोग-जस्तो मेनुहरूमा विशिष्ट छ जसले कार्य वा कार्यहरू ट्रिगर गर्दछ। ARIA मेनुमा मेनु वस्तुहरू, चेकबक्स मेनु वस्तुहरू, रेडियो बटन मेनु वस्तुहरू, रेडियो बटन समूहहरू, र उप-मेनुहरू मात्र समावेश हुन सक्छन्।

अर्कोतर्फ, बुटस्ट्र्यापको ड्रपडाउनहरू जेनेरिक र विभिन्न परिस्थिति र मार्कअप संरचनाहरूमा लागू हुने गरी डिजाइन गरिएका छन्। उदाहरणका लागि, ड्रपडाउनहरू सिर्जना गर्न सम्भव छ जसमा अतिरिक्त इनपुटहरू र फारम नियन्त्रणहरू छन्, जस्तै खोज क्षेत्रहरू वा लगइन फारमहरू। यस कारणका लागि, बुटस्ट्र्यापले साँचो ARIArole मेनुहरूको लागि आवश्यक कुनै पनि र विशेषताहरूको अपेक्षा गर्दैन (न स्वतः थप्नुहोस्) । लेखकहरूले यी थप विशिष्ट विशेषताहरू आफैं समावेश गर्नुपर्नेछ।aria-

यद्यपि, बुटस्ट्र्यापले धेरै मानक किबोर्ड मेनु अन्तरक्रियाहरूको लागि निर्मित समर्थन थप्छ, जस्तै .dropdown-itemकर्सर कुञ्जीहरू प्रयोग गरेर व्यक्तिगत तत्वहरू मार्फत सार्न सक्ने क्षमता र कुञ्जीसँग मेनु बन्द गर्ने क्षमता ESC

उदाहरणहरू

ड्रपडाउनको टगल (तपाईँको बटन वा लिङ्क) र ड्रपडाउन मेनु भित्र .dropdown, वा घोषणा गर्ने अर्को तत्वलाई बेर्नुहोस् position: relative;। ड्रपडाउनहरू तपाईंको सम्भावित आवश्यकताहरूलाई अझ राम्रोसँग फिट गर्न तत्वहरूबाट <a>ट्रिगर गर्न सकिन्छ ।<button>

एकल बटन

कुनै पनि एकललाई .btnकेही मार्कअप परिवर्तनहरूसँग ड्रपडाउन टगलमा परिणत गर्न सकिन्छ। <button>यहाँ छ कि तपाइँ तिनीहरूलाई कुनै पनि तत्वहरूसँग काम गर्न कसरी राख्न सक्नुहुन्छ :

<div class="dropdown">
  <button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropdown button
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton">
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
  </div>
</div>

<a>तत्वहरु संग:

<div class="dropdown">
  <a class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" id="dropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropdown link
  </a>

  <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuLink">
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
  </div>
</div>

सबै भन्दा राम्रो ��ाग तपाईं यो कुनै पनि बटन संस्करण संग गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ, पनि:

<!-- Example single danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Action
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
    <div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
  </div>
</div>

विभाजन बटन

त्यसै गरी, एकल बटन ड्रपडाउनको रूपमा लगभग समान मार्कअपको साथ विभाजित बटन ड्रपडाउनहरू सिर्जना गर्नुहोस्, तर .dropdown-toggle-splitड्रपडाउन क्यारेट वरिपरि उचित स्पेसिङको लागि थपको साथ।

paddingहामी क्यारेटको दुबै छेउमा 25% ले तेर्सो कम गर्न र margin-leftनियमित बटन ड्रपडाउनहरूको लागि थपिएको हटाउन यो अतिरिक्त वर्ग प्रयोग गर्छौं । ती अतिरिक्त परिवर्तनहरूले क्यारेटलाई स्प्लिट बटनमा केन्द्रित राख्छ र मुख्य बटनको छेउमा थप उपयुक्त आकारको हिट क्षेत्र प्रदान गर्दछ।

<!-- Example split danger button -->
<div class="btn-group">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">Action</button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
    <div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
    <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
  </div>
</div>

साइजिङ

बटन ड्रपडाउनहरू पूर्वनिर्धारित र विभाजित ड्रपडाउन बटनहरू सहित सबै आकारका बटनहरूसँग काम गर्दछ।

<!-- Large button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
  <button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Large button
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    ...
  </div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
  <button class="btn btn-secondary btn-lg" type="button">
    Large split button
  </button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-lg btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    ...
  </div>
</div>

<!-- Small button groups (default and split) -->
<div class="btn-group">
  <button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm dropdown-toggle" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Small button
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    ...
  </div>
</div>
<div class="btn-group">
  <button class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm" type="button">
    Small split button
  </button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    ...
  </div>
</div>

दिशाहरू

ड्रपअप

.dropupमूल तत्वमा थपेर तत्वहरू माथिको ड्रपडाउन मेनु ट्रिगर गर्नुहोस् ।

<!-- Default dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropup
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <!-- Dropdown menu links -->
  </div>
</div>

<!-- Split dropup button -->
<div class="btn-group dropup">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
    Split dropup
  </button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <!-- Dropdown menu links -->
  </div>
</div>

ड्रपराइट

.droprightमूल तत्वमा थपेर तत्वहरूको दायाँतिर ड्रपडाउन मेनु ट्रिगर गर्नुहोस् ।

<!-- Default dropright button -->
<div class="btn-group dropright">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropright
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <!-- Dropdown menu links -->
  </div>
</div>

<!-- Split dropright button -->
<div class="btn-group dropright">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
    Split dropright
  </button>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropright</span>
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <!-- Dropdown menu links -->
  </div>
</div>

ड्रपलेफ्ट

Trigger dropdown menus at the left of the elements by adding .dropleft to the parent element.

<!-- Default dropleft button -->
<div class="btn-group dropleft">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropleft
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu">
    <!-- Dropdown menu links -->
  </div>
</div>

<!-- Split dropleft button -->
<div class="btn-group">
  <div class="btn-group dropleft" role="group">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
      <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropleft</span>
    </button>
    <div class="dropdown-menu">
      <!-- Dropdown menu links -->
    </div>
  </div>
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">
    Split dropleft
  </button>
</div>

Historically dropdown menu contents had to be links, but that’s no longer the case with v4. Now you can optionally use <button> elements in your dropdowns instead of just <a>s.

<div class="dropdown">
  <button class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu2" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropdown
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu2">
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button>
  </div>
</div>

You can also create non-interactive dropdown items with .dropdown-item-text. Feel free to style further with custom CSS or text utilities.

<div class="dropdown-menu">
  <span class="dropdown-item-text">Dropdown item text</span>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>

Active

Add .active to items in the dropdown to style them as active.

<div class="dropdown-menu">
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item active" href="#">Active link</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a>
</div>

Disabled

Add .disabled to items in the dropdown to style them as disabled.

<div class="dropdown-menu">
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Regular link</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Disabled link</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another link</a>
</div>

By default, a dropdown menu is automatically positioned 100% from the top and along the left side of its parent. Add .dropdown-menu-right to a .dropdown-menu to right align the dropdown menu.

Heads up! Dropdowns are positioned thanks to Popper.js (except when they are contained in a navbar).

<div class="btn-group">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Right-aligned menu
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right">
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button>
  </div>
</div>

Responsive alignment

If you want to use responsive alignment, disable dynamic positioning by adding the data-display="static" attribute and use the responsive variation classes.

To align right the dropdown menu with the given breakpoint or larger, add .dropdown-menu{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}-right.

<div class="btn-group">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-display="static" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Left-aligned but right aligned when large screen
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-lg-right">
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button>
  </div>
</div>

To align left the dropdown menu with the given breakpoint or larger, add .dropdown-menu-right and .dropdown-menu{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}-left.

<div class="btn-group">
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-display="static" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Right-aligned but left aligned when large screen
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right dropdown-menu-lg-left">
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Another action</button>
    <button class="dropdown-item" type="button">Something else here</button>
  </div>
</div>

Note that you don’t need to add a data-display="static" attribute to dropdown buttons in navbars, since Popper.js isn’t used in navbars.

Headers

Add a header to label sections of actions in any dropdown menu.

<div class="dropdown-menu">
  <h6 class="dropdown-header">Dropdown header</h6>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
</div>

Dividers

Separate groups of related menu items with a divider.

<div class="dropdown-menu">
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
  <div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
</div>

Text

Place any freeform text within a dropdown menu with text and use spacing utilities. Note that you’ll likely need additional sizing styles to constrain the menu width.

<div class="dropdown-menu p-4 text-muted" style="max-width: 200px;">
  <p>
    Some example text that's free-flowing within the dropdown menu.
  </p>
  <p class="mb-0">
    And this is more example text.
  </p>
</div>

Forms

Put a form within a dropdown menu, or make it into a dropdown menu, and use margin or padding utilities to give it the negative space you require.

<div class="dropdown-menu">
  <form class="px-4 py-3">
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="exampleDropdownFormEmail1">Email address</label>
      <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormEmail1" placeholder="[email protected]">
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="exampleDropdownFormPassword1">Password</label>
      <input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormPassword1" placeholder="Password">
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
      <div class="form-check">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="dropdownCheck">
        <label class="form-check-label" for="dropdownCheck">
          Remember me
        </label>
      </div>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
  </form>
  <div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">New around here? Sign up</a>
  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Forgot password?</a>
</div>
<form class="dropdown-menu p-4">
  <div class="form-group">
    <label for="exampleDropdownFormEmail2">Email address</label>
    <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormEmail2" placeholder="[email protected]">
  </div>
  <div class="form-group">
    <label for="exampleDropdownFormPassword2">Password</label>
    <input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleDropdownFormPassword2" placeholder="Password">
  </div>
  <div class="form-group">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="dropdownCheck2">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="dropdownCheck2">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>

Use data-offset or data-reference to change the location of the dropdown.

<div class="d-flex">
  <div class="dropdown mr-1">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle" id="dropdownMenuOffset" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" data-offset="10,20">
      Offset
    </button>
    <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuOffset">
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="btn-group">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary">Reference</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary dropdown-toggle dropdown-toggle-split" id="dropdownMenuReference" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" data-reference="parent">
      <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
    </button>
    <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuReference">
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
      <div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
      <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Separated link</a>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

Usage

Via data attributes or JavaScript, the dropdown plugin toggles hidden content (dropdown menus) by toggling the .show class on the parent list item. The data-toggle="dropdown" attribute is relied on for closing dropdown menus at an application level, so it’s a good idea to always use it.

On touch-enabled devices, opening a dropdown adds empty ($.noop) mouseover handlers to the immediate children of the <body> element. This admittedly ugly hack is necessary to work around a quirk in iOS’ event delegation, which would otherwise prevent a tap anywhere outside of the dropdown from triggering the code that closes the dropdown. Once the dropdown is closed, these additional empty mouseover handlers are removed.

Via data attributes

Add data-toggle="dropdown" to a link or button to toggle a dropdown.

<div class="dropdown">
  <button id="dLabel" type="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
    Dropdown trigger
  </button>
  <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dLabel">
    ...
  </div>
</div>

Via JavaScript

Call the dropdowns via JavaScript:

$('.dropdown-toggle').dropdown()
data-toggle="dropdown" still required

Regardless of whether you call your dropdown via JavaScript or instead use the data-api, data-toggle="dropdown" is always required to be present on the dropdown’s trigger element.

Options

Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to data-, as in data-offset="".

Name Type Default Description
offset number | string | function 0

Offset of the dropdown relative to its target.

When a function is used to determine the offset, it is called with an object containing the offset data as its first argument. The function must return an object with the same structure. The triggering element DOM node is passed as the second argument.

For more information refer to Popper.js's offset docs.

flip boolean true Allow Dropdown to flip in case of an overlapping on the reference element. For more information refer to Popper.js's flip docs.
boundary string | element 'scrollParent' Overflow constraint boundary of the dropdown menu. Accepts the values of 'viewport', 'window', 'scrollParent', or an HTMLElement reference (JavaScript only). For more information refer to Popper.js's preventOverflow docs.
reference string | element 'toggle' Reference element of the dropdown menu. Accepts the values of 'toggle', 'parent', or an HTMLElement reference. For more information refer to Popper.js's referenceObject docs.
display string 'dynamic' By default, we use Popper.js for dynamic positioning. Disable this with static.
popperConfig null | object null To change Bootstrap's default Popper.js config, see Popper.js's configuration

Note when boundary is set to any value other than 'scrollParent', the style position: static is applied to the .dropdown container.

Methods

Method Description
$().dropdown('toggle') Toggles the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation.
$().dropdown('show') Shows the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation.
$().dropdown('hide') Hides the dropdown menu of a given navbar or tabbed navigation.
$().dropdown('update') Updates the position of an element’s dropdown.
$().dropdown('dispose') Destroys an element’s dropdown.

Events

All dropdown events are fired at the .dropdown-menu’s parent element and have a relatedTarget property, whose value is the toggling anchor element. hide.bs.dropdown and hidden.bs.dropdown events have a clickEvent property (only when the original event type is click) that contains an Event Object for the click event.

Event Description
show.bs.dropdown This event fires immediately when the show instance method is called.
shown.bs.dropdown ड्रपडाउन प्रयोगकर्ताको लागि दृश्यात्मक बनाइएपछि यो घटना निकालिन्छ (CSS ट्रान्जिसनहरू पूरा हुनको लागि पर्खनेछ)।
hide.bs.dropdown लुकाउने उदाहरण विधि कल गर्दा यो घटना तुरुन्तै निकालिन्छ।
hidden.bs.dropdown ड्रपडाउन प्रयोगकर्ताबाट लुकेको समाप्त भएपछि यो घटना निकालिन्छ (CSS ट्रान्जिसनहरू पूरा हुनको लागि पर्खनेछ)।
$('#myDropdown').on('show.bs.dropdown', function () {
  // do something...
})