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Twissijiet

Ipprovdi messaġġi ta' feedback kuntestwali għal azzjonijiet tipiċi tal-utent b'numru żgħir ta' messaġġi ta' twissija disponibbli u flessibbli.

Fuq din il-paġna

Eżempji

It-twissijiet huma disponibbli għal kwalunkwe tul tat-test, kif ukoll buttuna tal-għeluq fakultattiva. Għal stil xieraq, uża waħda mit-tmien klassijiet kuntestwali meħtieġa.alert-success (eż, ). Għat-tkeċċija inline, uża l- plugin JavaScript ta' allerti .

html 
<div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
  A simple primary alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-secondary" role="alert">
  A simple secondary alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
  A simple success alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
  A simple danger alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
  A simple warning alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
  A simple info alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-light" role="alert">
  A simple light alert—check it out!
</div>
<div class="alert alert-dark" role="alert">
  A simple dark alert—check it out!
</div>
Twassal tifsira għal teknoloġiji ta' assistenza

L-użu tal-kulur biex iżżid it-tifsira jipprovdi biss indikazzjoni viżwali, li mhux se tiġi mgħoddija lill-utenti ta 'teknoloġiji ta' assistenza - bħal screen readers. Kun żgur li l-informazzjoni indikata bil-kulur hija jew ovvja mill-kontenut innifsu (eż. it-test viżibbli), jew tkun inkluża permezz ta' mezzi alternattivi, bħal test addizzjonali moħbi mal- .visually-hiddenklassi.

Eżempju ħaj

Ikklikkja l-buttuna hawn taħt biex turi twissija (moħbija bi stili inline biex tibda), imbagħad warrbuha (u teqredha) bil-buttuna tal-qrib integrata.

html 
<div id="liveAlertPlaceholder"></div>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="liveAlertBtn">Show live alert</button>

Aħna nużaw il-JavaScript li ġej biex niskattaw id-demo ta' twissija diretta tagħna:

const alertPlaceholder = document.getElementById('liveAlertPlaceholder')

const alert = (message, type) => {
  const wrapper = document.createElement('div')
  wrapper.innerHTML = [
    `<div class="alert alert-${type} alert-dismissible" role="alert">`,
    `   <div>${message}</div>`,
    '   <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"></button>',
    '</div>'
  ].join('')

  alertPlaceholder.append(wrapper)
}

const alertTrigger = document.getElementById('liveAlertBtn')
if (alertTrigger) {
  alertTrigger.addEventListener('click', () => {
    alert('Nice, you triggered this alert message!', 'success')
  })
}

Uża l .alert-link-klassi ta 'utilità biex tipprovdi malajr links ikkuluriti li jaqblu fi kwalunkwe twissija.

html 
<div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
  A simple primary alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-secondary" role="alert">
  A simple secondary alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
  A simple success alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
  A simple danger alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
  A simple warning alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
  A simple info alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-light" role="alert">
  A simple light alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-dark" role="alert">
  A simple dark alert with <a href="#" class="alert-link">an example link</a>. Give it a click if you like.
</div>

Kontenut addizzjonali

It-twissijiet jista' jkun fihom ukoll elementi HTML addizzjonali bħal intestaturi, paragrafi u dividers.

html 
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
  <h4 class="alert-heading">Well done!</h4>
  <p>Aww yeah, you successfully read this important alert message. This example text is going to run a bit longer so that you can see how spacing within an alert works with this kind of content.</p>
  <hr>
  <p class="mb-0">Whenever you need to, be sure to use margin utilities to keep things nice and tidy.</p>
</div>

Ikoni

Bl-istess mod, tista 'tuża utilitajiet tal-flexbox u Ikoni Bootstrap biex toħloq twissijiet b'ikoni. Skont l-ikoni u l-kontenut tiegħek, tista 'tixtieq iżżid aktar utilitajiet jew stili tad-dwana.

html 
<div class="alert alert-primary d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="bi bi-exclamation-triangle-fill flex-shrink-0 me-2" viewBox="0 0 16 16" role="img" aria-label="Warning:">
    <path d="M8.982 1.566a1.13 1.13 0 0 0-1.96 0L.165 13.233c-.457.778.091 1.767.98 1.767h13.713c.889 0 1.438-.99.98-1.767L8.982 1.566zM8 5c.535 0 .954.462.9.995l-.35 3.507a.552.552 0 0 1-1.1 0L7.1 5.995A.905.905 0 0 1 8 5zm.002 6a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2z"/>
  </svg>
  <div>
    An example alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>

Għandek bżonn aktar minn ikona waħda għat-twissijiet tiegħek? Ikkunsidra li tuża aktar Ikoni Bootstrap u tagħmel sprite SVG lokali bħal dan biex tirreferi faċilment l-istess ikoni ripetutament.

html 
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;">
  <symbol id="check-circle-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zm-3.97-3.03a.75.75 0 0 0-1.08.022L7.477 9.417 5.384 7.323a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06 1.06L6.97 11.03a.75.75 0 0 0 1.079-.02l3.992-4.99a.75.75 0 0 0-.01-1.05z"/>
  </symbol>
  <symbol id="info-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M8 16A8 8 0 1 0 8 0a8 8 0 0 0 0 16zm.93-9.412-1 4.705c-.07.34.029.533.304.533.194 0 .487-.07.686-.246l-.088.416c-.287.346-.92.598-1.465.598-.703 0-1.002-.422-.808-1.319l.738-3.468c.064-.293.006-.399-.287-.47l-.451-.081.082-.381 2.29-.287zM8 5.5a1 1 0 1 1 0-2 1 1 0 0 1 0 2z"/>
  </symbol>
  <symbol id="exclamation-triangle-fill" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
    <path d="M8.982 1.566a1.13 1.13 0 0 0-1.96 0L.165 13.233c-.457.778.091 1.767.98 1.767h13.713c.889 0 1.438-.99.98-1.767L8.982 1.566zM8 5c.535 0 .954.462.9.995l-.35 3.507a.552.552 0 0 1-1.1 0L7.1 5.995A.905.905 0 0 1 8 5zm.002 6a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2z"/>
  </symbol>
</svg>

<div class="alert alert-primary d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Info:"><use xlink:href="#info-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Success:"><use xlink:href="#check-circle-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example success alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-warning d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Warning:"><use xlink:href="#exclamation-triangle-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example warning alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>
<div class="alert alert-danger d-flex align-items-center" role="alert">
  <svg class="bi flex-shrink-0 me-2" role="img" aria-label="Danger:"><use xlink:href="#exclamation-triangle-fill"/></svg>
  <div>
    An example danger alert with an icon
  </div>
</div>

Tkeċċija

Bl-użu tal-plugin JavaScript ta' twissija, huwa possibbli li titwarrab kwalunkwe twissija inline. Ara kif:

  • Kun żgur li għabbejt il-plugin tat-twissija, jew il-Bootstrap JavaScript miġbur.
  • Żid buttuna mill-qrib u l- .alert-dismissibleklassi, li żżid padding żejjed fuq il-lemin tat-twissija u tpoġġi l-buttuna tal-għeluq.
  • Fuq il-buttuna tal-għeluq, żid l- data-bs-dismiss="alert"attribut, li jqajjem il-funzjonalità JavaScript. Kun żgur li tuża l- <button>element miegħu għal imġieba xierqa fl-apparati kollha.
  • Biex tanima twissijiet meta twarrabhom, kun żgur li żżid il- klassijiet .fadeu ..show

Tista' tara dan fl-azzjoni b'demo live:

html 
<div class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissible fade show" role="alert">
  <strong>Holy guacamole!</strong> You should check in on some of those fields below.
  <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"></button>
</div>
Meta twissija tiġi miċħuda, l-element jitneħħa kompletament mill-istruttura tal-paġna. Jekk utent tat-tastiera jwarrab it-twissija billi juża l-buttuna tal-għeluq, il-fokus tiegħu jintilef f'daqqa u, skont il-brawżer, jerġa 'lura għall-bidu tal-paġna/dokument. Għal din ir-raġuni, nirrakkomandaw li tinkludi JavaScript addizzjonali li jisma' għall- closed.bs.alertavveniment u b'mod programmatiku jistabbilixxi focus()l-aktar post xieraq fil-paġna. Jekk qed tippjana li tmexxi l-fokus għal element mhux interattiv li normalment ma jirċievix fokus, kun żgur li żżid tabindex="-1"mal-element.

CSS

Varjabbli

Miżjud fi v5.2.0

Bħala parti mill-approċċ tal-varjabbli tas-CSS li qed jevolvu ta' Bootstrap, it-twissijiet issa jużaw varjabbli tas-CSS lokali .alertgħal customization mtejba f'ħin reali. Il-valuri għall-varjabbli CSS huma stabbiliti permezz ta 'Sass, għalhekk il-personalizzazzjoni ta' Sass għadha appoġġjata wkoll.

  --#{$prefix}alert-bg: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}alert-padding-x: #{$alert-padding-x};
  --#{$prefix}alert-padding-y: #{$alert-padding-y};
  --#{$prefix}alert-margin-bottom: #{$alert-margin-bottom};
  --#{$prefix}alert-color: inherit;
  --#{$prefix}alert-border-color: transparent;
  --#{$prefix}alert-border: #{$alert-border-width} solid var(--#{$prefix}alert-border-color);
  --#{$prefix}alert-border-radius: #{$alert-border-radius};

Sass varjabbli

$alert-padding-y:               $spacer;
$alert-padding-x:               $spacer;
$alert-margin-bottom:           1rem;
$alert-border-radius:           $border-radius;
$alert-link-font-weight:        $font-weight-bold;
$alert-border-width:            $border-width;
$alert-bg-scale:                -80%;
$alert-border-scale:            -70%;
$alert-color-scale:             40%;
$alert-dismissible-padding-r:   $alert-padding-x * 3; // 3x covers width of x plus default padding on either side

Sass mixin

Użat flimkien ma $theme-colors' biex jinħolqu klassijiet ta' modifikatur kuntestwali għat-twissijiet tagħna.

@mixin alert-variant($background, $border, $color) {
  --#{$prefix}alert-color: #{$color};
  --#{$prefix}alert-bg: #{$background};
  --#{$prefix}alert-border-color: #{$border};

  @if $enable-gradients {
    background-image: var(--#{$prefix}gradient);
  }

  .alert-link {
    color: shade-color($color, 20%);
  }
}

Sass loop

Loop li jiġġenera l-klassijiet modifikaturi bil- alert-variant()mixin.

// Generate contextual modifier classes for colorizing the alert.

@each $state, $value in $theme-colors {
  $alert-background: shift-color($value, $alert-bg-scale);
  $alert-border: shift-color($value, $alert-border-scale);
  $alert-color: shift-color($value, $alert-color-scale);

  @if (contrast-ratio($alert-background, $alert-color) < $min-contrast-ratio) {
    $alert-color: mix($value, color-contrast($alert-background), abs($alert-color-scale));
  }
  .alert-#{$state} {
    @include alert-variant($alert-background, $alert-border, $alert-color);
  }
}

Imġieba JavaScript

Inizjalizza

Inizjalizza elementi bħala twissijiet

const alertList = document.querySelectorAll('.alert')
const alerts = [...alertList].map(element => new bootstrap.Alert(element))

Għall-iskop uniku li titwarrab twissija, mhuwiex meħtieġ li l-komponent jiġi inizjalizzat manwalment permezz tal-JS API. Billi tagħmel użu minn data-bs-dismiss="alert", il-komponent jiġi inizjalizzat awtomatikament u miċħud kif suppost.

Ara t-taqsima tal- iskattar għal aktar dettalji.

Triggers

It-tkeċċija tista' tinkiseb bl- dataattribut fuq buttuna fi ħdan it-twissija kif muri hawn taħt:

<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"></button>

jew fuq buttuna barra t-twissija billi tuża data-bs-targetkif muri hawn taħt:

<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="alert" data-bs-target="#my-alert" aria-label="Close"></button>

Innota li meta tagħlaq twissija tneħħiha mid-DOM.

Metodi

Tista' toħloq istanza ta' twissija mal-kostruttur ta' twissija, pereżempju:

const bsAlert = new bootstrap.Alert('#myAlert')

Dan jagħmel twissija tisma 'għal avvenimenti ikklikkja fuq elementi dixxendenti li għandhom l- data-bs-dismiss="alert"attribut. (Mhux meħtieġ meta tuża l-awto-inizjalizzazzjoni tad-data-api.)

Metodu Deskrizzjoni
close Jagħlaq twissija billi tneħħiha mid-DOM. Jekk il- klassijiet .fadeu .showhuma preżenti fuq l-element, it-twissija tisparixxi qabel ma titneħħa.
dispose Jeqred twissija ta' element. (Tneħħi d-dejta maħżuna fuq l-element DOM)
getInstance Metodu statiku li jippermettilek tikseb l-istanza ta 'twissija assoċjata ma' element DOM. Per eżempju: bootstrap.Alert.getInstance(alert).
getOrCreateInstance Metodu statiku li jirritorna istanza ta' twissija assoċjata ma' element DOM jew toħloq waħda ġdida f'każ li ma kinitx inizjalizzata. Tista' tużah bħal dan: bootstrap.Alert.getOrCreateInstance(element).

Użu bażiku:

const alert = bootstrap.Alert.getOrCreateInstance('#myAlert')
alert.close()

Avvenimenti

Il-plugin ta' twissija ta' Bootstrap jesponi ftit avvenimenti biex wieħed iqabbad mal-funzjonalità ta' twissija.

Avveniment Deskrizzjoni
close.bs.alert Nirien immedjatament meta closejissejjaħ il-metodu tal-istanza.
closed.bs.alert Tispara meta t-twissija tkun ingħalqet u t-tranżizzjonijiet CSS ikunu tlestew. 
const myAlert = document.getElementById('myAlert')
myAlert.addEventListener('closed.bs.alert', event => {
  // do something, for instance, explicitly move focus to the most appropriate element,
  // so it doesn't get lost/reset to the start of the page
  // document.getElementById('...').focus()
})