Validazzjoni
Ipprovdi feedback siewi u azzjonabbli lill-utenti tiegħek b'validazzjoni tal-formola HTML5, permezz ta' imġieba default tal-browser jew stili personalizzati u JavaScript.
Kif taħdem
Hawn kif taħdem il-validazzjoni tal-formola ma Bootstrap:
- Il-validazzjoni tal-formola HTML hija applikata permezz taż-żewġ psewdo-klassijiet tas-CSS,
:invalid
u:valid
. Japplika għal<input>
,<select>
, u<textarea>
elementi. - Bootstrap ikopri l-
:invalid
u stili għall- klassi:valid
ġenitur , normalment applikati għall- . Inkella, kwalunkwe qasam meħtieġ mingħajr valur jidher bħala invalidu fit-tagħbija tal-paġna. B'dan il-mod, tista' tagħżel meta tattivahom (tipikament wara li tiġi ppruvata s-sottomissjoni tal-formola)..was-validated
<form>
- Biex terġa’ tissettja d-dehra tal-formola (pereżempju, fil-każ ta’ sottomissjonijiet ta’ formoli dinamiċi bl-użu ta’ AJAX), neħħi l-
.was-validated
klassi mill-<form>
ġdid wara s-sottomissjoni. - Bħala riżerva,
.is-invalid
u l-.is-valid
klassijiet jistgħu jintużaw minflok il-psewdo-klassijiet għall -validazzjoni min-naħa tas-server . Ma jeħtiġux.was-validated
klassi ġenitur. - Minħabba restrizzjonijiet fil-mod kif jaħdem is-CSS, ma nistgħux (fil-preżent) napplikaw stili għal
<label>
li jiġi qabel kontroll tal-formola fid-DOM mingħajr l-għajnuna ta 'JavaScript personalizzat. - Il-browsers moderni kollha jappoġġjaw l- API tal-validazzjoni tar-restrizzjoni , serje ta' metodi JavaScript għall-validazzjoni tal-kontrolli tal-formoli.
- Messaġġi ta' rispons jistgħu jutilizzaw il- inadempjenzi tal-browser (differenti għal kull browser, u mhux stilabbli permezz ta' CSS) jew l-istili ta 'feedback personalizzati tagħna b'HTML u CSS addizzjonali.
- Tista' tipprovdi messaġġi ta' validità personalizzati
setCustomValidity
f'JavaScript.
B'dan f'moħħu, ikkunsidra d-demos li ġejjin għall-istili ta 'validazzjoni tal-formoli tad-dwana tagħna, klassijiet fakultattivi fuq in-naħa tas-server, u defaults tal-browser.
Stili tad-dwana
Għal messaġġi ta' validazzjoni tal-formola Bootstrap tad-dwana, ikollok bżonn iżżid l- novalidate
attribut boolean ma' <form>
. Dan iwaqqaf it-tooltips ta' feedback default tal-browser, iżda xorta jipprovdi aċċess għall-APIs tal-validazzjoni tal-formoli f'JavaScript. Ipprova tissottometti l-formola hawn taħt; JavaScript tagħna se jinterċetta l-buttuna tissottometti u jibgħat feedback lilek. Meta tipprova tissottometti, tara l- istili :invalid
u applikati għall-kontrolli tal-formola tiegħek.:valid
Stili ta 'feedback personalizzati japplikaw kuluri personalizzati, fruntieri, stili ta' fokus, u ikoni tal-isfond biex jikkomunikaw aħjar ir-rispons. Ikoni tal-isfond għal <select>
s huma disponibbli biss bi .form-select
, u mhux .form-control
.
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(function () {
'use strict'
// Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')
// Loop over them and prevent submission
Array.prototype.slice.call(forms)
.forEach(function (form) {
form.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
if (!form.checkValidity()) {
event.preventDefault()
event.stopPropagation()
}
form.classList.add('was-validated')
}, false)
})
})()
Defaults tal-browser
Mhux interessat f'messaġġi ta' feedback ta' validazzjoni tad-dwana jew tikteb JavaScript biex tibdel l-imgieba tal-formoli? Kollox tajjeb, tista 'tuża l-inadempjenzi tal-browser. Ipprova ibgħat il-formola hawn taħt. Skont il-browser u l-OS tiegħek, tara stil ta' feedback kemmxejn differenti.
Filwaqt li dawn l-istili ta 'feedback ma jistgħux jiġu stilati b'CSS, xorta tista' tippersonalizza t-test tal-feedback permezz ta' JavaScript.
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
In-naħa tas-server
Nirrakkomandaw li tuża validazzjoni min-naħa tal-klijent, iżda f'każ li teħtieġ validazzjoni min-naħa tas-server, tista' tindika oqsma tal-formola invalidi u validi bi .is-invalid
u .is-valid
. Innota li .invalid-feedback
hija wkoll appoġġjata b'dawn il-klassijiet.
Għal oqsma invalidi, kun żgur li l-messaġġ ta' rispons/żball invalidu huwa assoċjat mal-qasam tal-formola rilevanti bl-użu aria-describedby
(jinnota li dan l-attribut jippermetti id
li ssir referenza għal aktar minn wieħed, f'każ li l-qasam diġà jindika test tal-formola addizzjonali).
Biex jiġu rranġati kwistjonijiet b'raġġi tal-fruntiera , il-gruppi ta' input jeħtieġu .has-validation
klassi addizzjonali.
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3 validationServerUsernameFeedback" required>
<div id="validationServerUsernameFeedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" aria-describedby="validationServer03Feedback" required>
<div id="validationServer03Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" aria-describedby="validationServer04Feedback" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div id="validationServer04Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" aria-describedby="validationServer05Feedback" required>
<div id="validationServer05Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" aria-describedby="invalidCheck3Feedback" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div id="invalidCheck3Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Elementi appoġġjati
L-istili ta' validazzjoni huma disponibbli għall-kontrolli tal-formola u l-komponenti li ġejjin:
<input>
s u<textarea>
s bi.form-control
(inkluż sa wieħed.form-control
fi gruppi ta' input)<select>
s bil.form-select
.form-check
s
<form class="was-validated">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please enter a message in the textarea.
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
<option value="">Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<input type="file" class="form-control" aria-label="file example" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Tooltips
Jekk it-tqassim tal-formola tiegħek jippermetti dan, tista' tbiddel il- .{valid|invalid}-feedback
klassijiet għal .{valid|invalid}-tooltip
klassijiet biex turi feedback ta' validazzjoni f'tooltip stilat. Kun żgur li jkollok ġenitur position: relative
fuqha għall-ippożizzjonar tal-għodda. Fl-eżempju hawn taħt, il-klassijiet tal-kolonni tagħna diġà għandhom dan, iżda l-proġett tiegħek jista 'jeħtieġ setup alternattiv.
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please choose a unique and valid username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Sass
Varjabbli
$form-feedback-margin-top: $form-text-margin-top;
$form-feedback-font-size: $form-text-font-size;
$form-feedback-font-style: $form-text-font-style;
$form-feedback-valid-color: $success;
$form-feedback-invalid-color: $danger;
$form-feedback-icon-valid-color: $form-feedback-valid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-valid: url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'><path fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-valid-color}' d='M2.3 6.73L.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/></svg>");
$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color: $form-feedback-invalid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-invalid: url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}'><circle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/><path stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/><circle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}' stroke='none'/></svg>");
Mixins
Żewġ mixins huma kkombinati flimkien, permezz tal- linja tagħna , biex jiġġeneraw l-istili tagħna ta 'feedback tal-validazzjoni tal-formola.
@mixin form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if ($state == "valid" or $state == "invalid") {
.was-validated #{if(&, "&", "")}:#{$state},
#{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
@content;
}
} @else {
#{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
@content;
}
}
}
@mixin form-validation-state(
$state,
$color,
$icon,
$tooltip-color: color-contrast($color),
$tooltip-bg-color: rgba($color, $form-feedback-tooltip-opacity),
$focus-box-shadow: 0 0 $input-btn-focus-blur $input-focus-width rgba($color, $input-btn-focus-color-opacity)
) {
.#{$state}-feedback {
display: none;
width: 100%;
margin-top: $form-feedback-margin-top;
@include font-size($form-feedback-font-size);
font-style: $form-feedback-font-style;
color: $color;
}
.#{$state}-tooltip {
position: absolute;
top: 100%;
z-index: 5;
display: none;
max-width: 100%; // Contain to parent when possible
padding: $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-y $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-x;
margin-top: .1rem;
@include font-size($form-feedback-tooltip-font-size);
line-height: $form-feedback-tooltip-line-height;
color: $tooltip-color;
background-color: $tooltip-bg-color;
@include border-radius($form-feedback-tooltip-border-radius);
}
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
~ .#{$state}-feedback,
~ .#{$state}-tooltip {
display: block;
}
}
.form-control {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
@if $enable-validation-icons {
padding-right: $input-height-inner;
background-image: escape-svg($icon);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: right $input-height-inner-quarter center;
background-size: $input-height-inner-half $input-height-inner-half;
}
&:focus {
border-color: $color;
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
}
}
// stylelint-disable-next-line selector-no-qualifying-type
textarea.form-control {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if $enable-validation-icons {
padding-right: $input-height-inner;
background-position: top $input-height-inner-quarter right $input-height-inner-quarter;
}
}
}
.form-select {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
@if $enable-validation-icons {
&:not([multiple]):not([size]),
&:not([multiple])[size="1"] {
padding-right: $form-select-feedback-icon-padding-end;
background-image: escape-svg($form-select-indicator), escape-svg($icon);
background-position: $form-select-bg-position, $form-select-feedback-icon-position;
background-size: $form-select-bg-size, $form-select-feedback-icon-size;
}
}
&:focus {
border-color: $color;
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
}
}
.form-check-input {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
&:checked {
background-color: $color;
}
&:focus {
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
~ .form-check-label {
color: $color;
}
}
}
.form-check-inline .form-check-input {
~ .#{$state}-feedback {
margin-left: .5em;
}
}
.input-group .form-control,
.input-group .form-select {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if $state == "valid" {
z-index: 1;
} @else if $state == "invalid" {
z-index: 2;
}
&:focus {
z-index: 3;
}
}
}
}
Mappa
Din hija l-mappa Sass ta' validazzjoni minn _variables.scss
. Ikkalkola jew testendi dan biex tiġġenera stati differenti jew addizzjonali.
$form-validation-states: (
"valid": (
"color": $form-feedback-valid-color,
"icon": $form-feedback-icon-valid
),
"invalid": (
"color": $form-feedback-invalid-color,
"icon": $form-feedback-icon-invalid
)
);
Il-mapep ta’ $form-validation-states
jista’ jkun fihom tliet parametri mhux obbligatorji biex jegħlbu l-għodda u l-istili ta’ fokus.
Loop
Użat biex itenni fuq $form-validation-states
il-valuri tal-mapep biex jiġġenera l-istili ta’ validazzjoni tagħna. Kwalunkwe modifika għall-mappa Sass ta' hawn fuq tiġi riflessa fis-CSS ikkumpilat tiegħek permezz ta' dan il-linja.
@each $state, $data in $form-validation-states {
@include form-validation-state($state, $data...);
}
Customizing
L-istati ta 'validazzjoni jistgħu jiġu personalizzati permezz ta' Sass mal- $form-validation-states
mappa. Li tinsab fil- _variables.scss
fajl tagħna, din il-mappa Sass hija kif niġġeneraw l-istati default valid
/ invalid
validazzjoni. Inkluża hija mappa nested biex tippersonalizza l-kulur, l-ikona, il-kulur tal-għodda u d-dell tal-fokus ta’ kull stat. Filwaqt li l-ebda stat ieħor ma huwa appoġġjat mill-browsers, dawk li jużaw stili tad-dwana jistgħu faċilment iżidu rispons ta 'forma aktar kumpless.
Jekk jogħġbok innota li aħna ma nirrakkomandawx customizing $form-validation-states
valuri mingħajr ma timmodifika wkoll il- form-validation-state
mixin .