Navbar
Dokumentazzjoni u eżempji għall-header tan-navigazzjoni b'saħħtu u reattiv ta' Bootstrap, in-navbar. Jinkludi appoġġ għal branding, navigazzjoni, plugin kollass, u aktar.
Kif taħdem
Hawn dak li għandek bżonn tkun taf qabel tibda bin-navbar:
- In-Navbars jeħtieġu tgeżwir
.navbar
bi għal klassijiet ta' skema ta' skema ta'.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}
kollass u ta' kuluri li jirrispondu. - In-Navbars u l-kontenut tagħhom huma fluwidi awtomatikament. Uża kontenituri fakultattivi biex tillimita l-wisa' orizzontali tagħhom.
- Uża l-klassijiet tal-utilità tal- ispazjar u l- flex tagħna biex tikkontrolla l-ispazjar u l-allinjament fi ħdan in-navbars.
- In-Navbars jirrispondu awtomatikament, iżda tista 'faċilment timmodifikahom biex tbiddel dan. L-imġieba reattiva tiddependi fuq il-plugin JavaScript tagħna Kollass.
- In-Navbars huma moħbija awtomatikament meta jiġu stampati. Ġegħlilhom jiġu stampati billi żżid
.d-print
mal-.navbar
. Ara l -klassi ta 'utilità tal - wiri . - Żgura l-aċċessibbiltà billi tuża
<nav>
element jew, jekk tuża element aktar ġeneriku bħal<div>
, żid arole="navigation"
ma' kull navbar biex tidentifikaha b'mod espliċitu bħala reġjun importanti għall-utenti ta' teknoloġiji ta' assistenza.
prefers-reduced-motion
-mistoqsija tal-midja. Ara t-
taqsima tal-mozzjoni mnaqqsa tad-dokumentazzjoni tagħna dwar l-aċċessibbiltà .
Kontenut appoġġjat
Navbars jiġu b'appoġġ integrat għal numru żgħir ta 'sottokomponenti. Agħżel minn dawn li ġejjin kif meħtieġ:
.navbar-brand
għall-kumpanija, prodott, jew isem tal-proġett tiegħek..navbar-nav
għal navigazzjoni ta' għoli sħiħ u ħafifa (inkluż appoġġ għal dropdowns)..navbar-toggler
għall-użu mal-plugin kollass tagħna u imgieba oħra ta 'toggling tan-navigazzjoni ..form-inline
għal kwalunkwe forma ta' kontrolli u azzjonijiet..navbar-text
għaż-żieda ta' kordi ta' test ċċentrata vertikalment..collapse.navbar-collapse
għall-raggruppament u l-ħabi tal-kontenut tan-navbar minn breakpoint ġenitur.
Hawn eżempju tas-sottokomponenti kollha inklużi f'navbar b'tema ħafifa li tirrispondi li awtomatikament tikkollassa fil- lg
punt ta 'waqfien (kbir).
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
Dan l-eżempju juża klassijiet ta' utilità tal- kulur ( bg-light
) u spazjar ( my-2
, my-lg-0
, mr-sm-0
, ).my-sm-0
Brand
Jista ' .navbar-brand
jiġi applikat għal ħafna elementi, iżda ankra taħdem l-aħjar, peress li xi elementi jistgħu jeħtieġu klassijiet ta' utilità jew stili tad-dwana.
<!-- As a link -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</nav>
<!-- As a heading -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<span class="navbar-brand mb-0 h1">Navbar</span>
</nav>
Iż-żieda ta 'immaġini mar- .navbar-brand
rieda x'aktarx dejjem teħtieġ stili jew utilitajiet tad-dwana għad-daqs xieraq. Hawn huma xi eżempji biex juru.
<!-- Just an image -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img src="/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" alt="">
</a>
</nav>
<!-- Image and text -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img src="/docs/4.6/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" class="d-inline-block align-top" alt="">
Bootstrap
</a>
</nav>
Nav
Ir-rabtiet tan-navigazzjoni tan-Navbar jibnu fuq l- .nav
għażliet tagħna bil-klassi modifikatur tagħhom stess u jeħtieġu l-użu ta ' klassijiet toggler għal stil reattiv xieraq. In-navigazzjoni fin-navbars se tikber ukoll biex tokkupa spazju orizzontali kemm jista' jkun biex iżżomm il-kontenut tan-navbar tiegħek allinjat b'mod sikur.
Stati attivi—bi .active
—biex jindika l-paġna kurrenti jistgħu jiġu applikati direttament għal .nav-link
s jew ġenitur immedjat tagħhom .nav-item
.
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
U minħabba li nużaw klassijiet għan-navs tagħna, tista' tevita kompletament l-approċċ ibbażat fuq il-lista jekk tixtieq.
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-controls="navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavAltMarkup">
<div class="navbar-nav">
<a class="nav-link active" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
<a class="nav-link disabled">Disabled</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
Tista 'wkoll tuża dropdowns fin-navbar tiegħek. Il-menus dropdown jeħtieġu element tat-tgeżwir għall-ippożizzjonar, għalhekk kun żgur li tuża elementi separati u nested għal .nav-item
u .nav-link
kif muri hawn taħt.
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavDropdown" aria-controls="navbarNavDropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavDropdown">
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown link
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Formoli
Poġġi diversi kontrolli tal-forma u komponenti fi ħdan navbar b' .form-inline
.
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</nav>
Elementi tfal immedjati ta ' .navbar
użu flex layout u default għal justify-content: space-between
. Uża utilitajiet flex addizzjonali kif meħtieġ biex taġġusta din l-imġieba.
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand">Navbar</a>
<form class="form-inline">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</nav>
Il-gruppi tal-input jaħdmu wkoll:
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<form class="form-inline">
<div class="input-group">
<div class="input-group-prepend">
<span class="input-group-text" id="basic-addon1">@</span>
</div>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
Diversi buttuni huma appoġġjati wkoll bħala parti minn dawn il-formoli tan-navbar. Din hija wkoll tfakkira kbira li l-utilitajiet ta 'allinjament vertikali jistgħu jintużaw biex jallinjaw elementi ta' daqs differenti.
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<form class="form-inline">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="button">Main button</button>
<button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Smaller button</button>
</form>
</nav>
Test
Navbars jista 'jkun fihom bits ta' test bl-għajnuna ta ' .navbar-text
. Din il-klassi taġġusta l-allinjament vertikali u l-ispazjar orizzontali għall-kordi tat-test.
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<span class="navbar-text">
Navbar text with an inline element
</span>
</nav>
Ħallat u qabbel ma 'komponenti u utilitajiet oħra kif meħtieġ.
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar w/ text</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarText" aria-controls="navbarText" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarText">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a>
</li>
</ul>
<span class="navbar-text">
Navbar text with an inline element
</span>
</div>
</nav>
Skemi tal-kulur
It-tema tan-navbar qatt ma kienet daqshekk faċli grazzi għall-kombinazzjoni ta' klassijiet ta' temi u background-color
utilitajiet. Agħżel minn .navbar-light
għall-użu ma 'kuluri ta' sfond ċari, jew .navbar-dark
għal kuluri ta 'sfond skur. Imbagħad, ippersonalizza bl- .bg-*
utilitajiet.
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-primary">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
<nav class="navbar navbar-light" style="background-color: #e3f2fd;">
<!-- Navbar content -->
</nav>
Kontenituri
Għalkemm mhux meħtieġ, tista 'wrap navbar f'biex .container
tiċċentraha fuq paġna. Jew tista 'żżid kontenitur ġewwa l- biċ .navbar
-ċentru biss tal-kontenut ta' navbar ta 'fuq fiss jew statiku .
<div class="container">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</nav>
</div>
Meta l-kontenitur ikun fi ħdan in-navbar tiegħek, l-ikkuttunar orizzontali tiegħu jitneħħa f'punti ta' waqfien aktar baxxi mill- .navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}
klassi speċifikata tiegħek. Dan jiżgura li ma nkunux qed nirduppjaw l-ikkuttunar bla bżonn fuq viewports aktar baxxi meta n-navbar tiegħek tkun ikkollassata.
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
</div>
</nav>
Pjazzament
Uża l- utilitajiet tal-pożizzjoni tagħna biex tpoġġi navbars f'pożizzjonijiet mhux statiċi. Agħżel minn fiss għal fuq, imwaħħal mal-qiegħ, jew imwaħħal mal-quċċata (scrolls mal-paġna sakemm tasal fil-quċċata, imbagħad tibqa hemm). Navbars fissi jużaw position: fixed
, li jfisser li qed jinġibdu mill-fluss normali tad-DOM u jistgħu jeħtieġu CSS personalizzati (eż., padding-top
fuq il- <body>
) biex jipprevjenu koinċidenza ma 'elementi oħra.
Innota wkoll li .sticky-top
juża position: sticky
, li mhuwiex appoġġjat bis-sħiħ f'kull browser .
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Default</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed top</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar fixed-bottom navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed bottom</a>
</nav>
<nav class="navbar sticky-top navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Sticky top</a>
</nav>
Skrolljar
Żid .navbar-nav-scroll
ma' .navbar-collapse
(jew sub-komponent ieħor tan-navbar) biex tippermetti scrolling vertikali fi ħdan il-kontenuti li jistgħu jiġu togglebbli ta' navbar imġarraf. B'mod awtomatiku, is-scrolling jibda fi 75vh
(jew 75% tal-għoli tal-vetrina), iżda tista' tegħleb dak bi stili inline jew personalizzati. F'viewports akbar meta n-navbar tiġi estiża, il-kontenut jidher kif jidher f'navbar default.
Jekk jogħġbok innota li din l-imġieba tiġi ma 'żvantaġġ potenzjali ta' overflow
—meta l-issettjar overflow-y: auto
(meħtieġ biex tiskrollja l-kontenut hawn), overflow-x
hija l-ekwivalenti ta ' auto
, li se taqsam xi kontenut orizzontali.
Hawn eżempju ta 'navbar li juża .navbar-nav-scroll
ma' style="max-height: 100px;"
, b'xi utilitajiet ta 'marġni żejda għall-ispazjar ottimali.
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar scroll</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarScroll" aria-controls="navbarScroll" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarScroll">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto my-2 my-lg-0 navbar-nav-scroll" style="max-height: 100px;">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
Link
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled">Link</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="d-flex">
<input class="form-control mr-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
Imgieba reattivi
In-Navbars jistgħu jużaw .navbar-toggler
, .navbar-collapse
, u .navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}
klassijiet biex jiddeterminaw meta l-kontenut tagħhom jiġġarraf wara buttuna. Flimkien ma 'utilitajiet oħra, tista' faċilment tagħżel meta turi jew taħbi elementi partikolari.
Għal navbars li qatt ma jikkollassaw, żid il- .navbar-expand
klassi fuq in-navbar. Għal navbars li dejjem jikkrollaw, iżżid l-ebda .navbar-expand
klassi.
Toggler
It-togglers tan-Navbar huma allinjati max-xellug b'mod awtomatiku, iżda jekk isegwu element aħwa bħal .navbar-brand
, huma awtomatikament jiġu allinjati mal-lemin estrem. It-treġġigħ lura tal-markup tiegħek ser ireġġa' lura t-tqegħid tal-toggler. Hawn taħt hemm eżempji ta 'stili ta' toggle differenti.
Bla ebda .navbar-brand
muri fl-iżgħar punt ta' waqfien:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo01">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Hidden brand</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
B'isem tad-ditta muri fuq ix-xellug u toggler fuq il-lemin:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo02">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
Bi toggler fuq ix-xellug u isem tad-ditta fuq il-lemin:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo03">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link disabled">Disabled</a>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0">
<input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
Kontenut estern
Xi drabi trid tuża l-plugin tal-kollass biex tiskatta element tal-kontenitur għall-kontenut li strutturalment joqgħod barra mill- .navbar
. Minħabba li l-plugin tagħna jaħdem fuq id
u t- data-target
tqabbil, dan isir faċilment!
<div class="fixed-top">
<div class="collapse" id="navbarToggleExternalContent">
<div class="bg-dark p-4">
<h5 class="text-white h4">Collapsed content</h5>
<span class="text-muted">Toggleable via the navbar brand.</span>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark">
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-controls="navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
</nav>
</div>
Meta tagħmel dan, nirrakkomandaw li tinkludi JavaScript addizzjonali biex tmexxi l-fokus b'mod programmatiku lejn il-kontenitur meta jinfetaħ. Inkella, l-utenti tat-tastiera u l-utenti ta' teknoloġiji ta' assistenza x'aktarx ikollhom diffiċli biex isibu l-kontenut li għadu kif ġie żvelat - partikolarment jekk il-kontenitur li nfetaħ jiġi qabel it-toggler fl-istruttura tad-dokument. Nirrakkomandaw ukoll li niżguraw li t-toggler għandu l- aria-controls
attribut, li jindika l- id
tal-kontenitur tal-kontenut. Fit-teorija, dan jippermetti lill-utenti tat-teknoloġija assistiva li jaqbżu direttament mill-toggler għall-kontenitur li jikkontrolla – iżda l-appoġġ għal dan bħalissa huwa pjuttost irregolari.