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Whakamana

Homai he urupare utu nui, whaihua ki o kaiwhakamahi me te whakamana i te puka HTML5, ma nga whanonga taunoa o te tirotiro me nga momo ritenga me te JavaScript.

I tenei wharangi
Kei te mohio matou i tenei wa kaore e taea te uru atu ki nga ahua o te taha-kiritaki me nga aki taputapu, na te mea kaore e kitea ki nga hangarau awhina. I a matou e mahi ana i tetahi otinga, ka tūtohu matou ki te whakamahi i te kowhiringa taha-tumau, te tikanga whakamana tirotiro taunoa ranei.

Pehea te mahi

Anei te mahi whakamana puka me Bootstrap:

  • Ko te whakamana puka HTML ka whakamahia ma nga akomanga pseudo e rua a CSS, :invalidme te :valid. Ka pa ki te <input>, <select>, me <textarea>nga huānga.
  • Ka horahia e Bootstrap nga momo :invalidme :validnga momo ki te .was-validatedakomanga matua, ka whakamahia ki te <form>. Ki te kore, ko nga mara e hiahiatia ana kaore he uara ka kitea he muhu i runga i te utaina wharangi. Ma tenei ara, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i te wa e whakahohehia ai (te nuinga i muri i te nganatanga o te tuku puka).
  • Hei tautuhi i te ahua o te puka (hei tauira, mo te tukunga puka hihiri ma te whakamahi i te AJAX), tangohia te .was-validatedkaraehe mai i te <form>reanga i muri i te tukunga.
  • Hei whakamuri, ka whakamahia .is-invalidpea .is-validnga karaehe hei utu mo nga karaehe pseudo mo te whakamanatanga taha-tumau . Kaore e hiahiatia he .was-validatedakomanga matua.
  • Na nga herenga o te mahi a CSS, kaore e taea e matou (i tenei wa) te whakamahi i nga momo ki tetahi <label>ka puta mai i mua i te mana o te puka i roto i te DOM kaore he awhina a JavaScript.
  • Ka tautoko nga kaitirotiro hou katoa i te API whakamana herenga , he raupapa o nga tikanga JavaScript mo te whakamana i nga mana puka.
  • Ka taea e nga karere urupare te whakamahi i nga taunoa o te kaitirotiro (he rereke mo ia kaitirotiro, me te kore e taea te tuhi ma te CSS) me o maatau momo urupare me etahi atu HTML me CSS.
  • Ka taea e koe te tuku karere whaimana ritenga ki setCustomValidityroto i te JavaScript.

Ma te mahara ki tera, whakaarohia nga whakaaturanga e whai ake nei mo o taatau momo ahua whakamana, nga karaehe taha-tumau, me nga hapa tirotiro.

Nga momo ritenga

Mo nga karere whakamana puka Bootstrap ritenga, me taapiri koe i te novalidatehuanga boolean ki to <form>. Ka mono tenei i nga aki taputapu urupare taunoa, engari ka uru tonu ki nga API whakamana puka i roto i te JavaScript. Ngana ki te tuku i te puka kei raro nei; ka haukotia e ta maatau JavaScript te paatene tuku me te tuku urupare ki a koe. I te wa e ngana ana ki te tuku, ka kite koe i nga momo :invalidme :validnga momo e pa ana ki o mana puka.

Ka whakamahia e nga momo urupare ritenga nga tae ritenga, nga taitapa, nga momo arotahi, me nga tohu papamuri kia pai ake ai te korero urupare. Ko nga tohu papamuri mo <select>s kei te waatea noa me te .form-select, kaore .form-control.

He pai te ahua!
He pai te ahua!
@
Kōwhiri koa he ingoa kaiwhakamahi.
Tena koa homai he taone whaimana.
Tīpakohia koa tētahi āhua whaimana.
Homai koa he kōtui whaimana.
Me whakaae koe i mua i te tuku.
html 
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
      <div class="invalid-feedback">
        Please choose a username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
      <div class="invalid-feedback">
        You must agree before submitting.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(() => {
  'use strict'

  // Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
  const forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')

  // Loop over them and prevent submission
  Array.from(forms).forEach(form => {
    form.addEventListener('submit', event => {
      if (!form.checkValidity()) {
        event.preventDefault()
        event.stopPropagation()
      }

      form.classList.add('was-validated')
    }, false)
  })
})()

Pūtirotiro taunoa

Kaore koe e aro ki nga karere urupare whakamana ritenga, ki te tuhi JavaScript ranei hei whakarereke i nga whanonga puka? He pai katoa, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i nga taunoa pūtirotiro. Whakamātauria te tuku i te puka kei raro nei. I runga i to kaitirotiro me to OS, ka kite koe i te ahua rereke o te urupare.

Ahakoa e kore e taea te whakaahua enei momo urupare ki te CSS, ka taea tonu e koe te whakarite i te tuhinga urupare ma te JavaScript.

@
html 
<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername"  aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Te taha tūmau

Ka tūtohu matou ki te whakamahi i te whakamanatanga taha-kiritaki, engari ki te hiahia koe ki te whakamana i te taha-tumau, ka taea e koe te tohu i nga waahanga puka muhu me te whaimana .is-invalidme te .is-valid. Kia mahara kei .invalid-feedbackte tautokohia ano e enei akomanga.

Mo nga apure muhu, me mohio kei te hono te urupare muhu/karere hapa ki te mara puka e tika ana ma te whakamahi aria-describedby(ma tenei huanga ka taea idte tohutoro neke atu i te kotahi, mena ka tohu te mara ki etahi atu tuhinga puka).

Hei whakatika i nga take e pa ana ki te radius taitapa.has-validation , me whai akomanga taapiri nga roopu whakauru .

He pai te ahua!
He pai te ahua!
@
Kōwhiri koa he ingoa kaiwhakamahi.
Tena koa homai he taone whaimana.
Tīpakohia koa tētahi āhua whaimana.
Homai koa he kōtui whaimana.
Me whakaae koe i mua i te tuku.
html 
<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-feedback">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3 validationServerUsernameFeedback" required>
      <div id="validationServerUsernameFeedback" class="invalid-feedback">
        Please choose a username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" aria-describedby="validationServer03Feedback" required>
    <div id="validationServer03Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" aria-describedby="validationServer04Feedback" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div id="validationServer04Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3">
    <label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" aria-describedby="validationServer05Feedback" required>
    <div id="validationServer05Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" aria-describedby="invalidCheck3Feedback" required>
      <label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
        Agree to terms and conditions
      </label>
      <div id="invalidCheck3Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
        You must agree before submitting.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Huānga tautoko

E waatea ana nga momo whakamana mo nga mana me nga waahanga e whai ake nei:

  • <input>s me <textarea>s me .form-control(tae atu ki te kotahi .form-controli roto i nga roopu whakauru)
  • <select>s me.form-select
  • .form-checks
Tuhia koa he karere ki te rohe kuputuhi.
He tauira kuputuhi urupare muhu
Ētahi atu tauira kuputuhi urupare muhu
Ko te tauira urupare kua tohua he muhu
He tauira urupare puka puka muhu
html 
<form class="was-validated">
  <div class="mb-3">
    <label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
    <textarea class="form-control" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">
      Please enter a message in the textarea.
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="form-check mb-3">
    <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="form-check">
    <input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
  </div>
  <div class="form-check mb-3">
    <input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
    <label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
      <option value="">Open this select menu</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <input type="file" class="form-control" aria-label="file example" required>
    <div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mb-3">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Aki taputapu

Mena ka whakaaetia e to tahora puka, ka taea e koe te huri i nga .{valid|invalid}-feedbackkaraehe mo .{valid|invalid}-tooltipnga karaehe hei whakaatu i nga urupare whakamana i roto i te aki taputapu kua tohua. Me mohio he matua kei position: relativerunga mo te whakatakotoranga taputapu. I roto i te tauira i raro nei, kei a maatau akomanga pou tenei, engari ka hiahia pea to kaupapa ki tetahi tatūnga rereke.

He pai te ahua!
He pai te ahua!
@
Kōwhiri koa he ingoa kaiwhakamahi ahurei me te whaimana.
Tena koa homai he taone whaimana.
Tīpakohia koa tētahi āhua whaimana.
Homai koa he kōtui whaimana.
html 
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
    <div class="valid-tooltip">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
    <div class="valid-tooltip">
      Looks good!
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group has-validation">
      <span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
      <div class="invalid-tooltip">
        Please choose a unique and valid username.
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please provide a valid city.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
      <option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please select a valid state.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
    <label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
    <div class="invalid-tooltip">
      Please provide a valid zip.
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
  </div>
</form>

Sass

Taurangi

$form-feedback-margin-top:          $form-text-margin-top;
$form-feedback-font-size:           $form-text-font-size;
$form-feedback-font-style:          $form-text-font-style;
$form-feedback-valid-color:         $success;
$form-feedback-invalid-color:       $danger;

$form-feedback-icon-valid-color:    $form-feedback-valid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-valid:          url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'><path fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-valid-color}' d='M2.3 6.73.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/></svg>");
$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color:  $form-feedback-invalid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-invalid:        url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}'><circle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/><path stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/><circle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}' stroke='none'/></svg>");

Whakaranu

E rua nga ranunga ka whakakotahihia, na roto i ta maatau kopae , ki te whakaputa i a maatau momo ahua urupare whakamana.

@mixin form-validation-state-selector($state) {
  @if ($state == "valid" or $state == "invalid") {
    .was-validated #{if(&, "&", "")}:#{$state},
    #{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
      @content;
    }
  } @else {
    #{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
      @content;
    }
  }
}

@mixin form-validation-state(
  $state,
  $color,
  $icon,
  $tooltip-color: color-contrast($color),
  $tooltip-bg-color: rgba($color, $form-feedback-tooltip-opacity),
  $focus-box-shadow: 0 0 $input-btn-focus-blur $input-focus-width rgba($color, $input-btn-focus-color-opacity)
) {
  .#{$state}-feedback {
    display: none;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: $form-feedback-margin-top;
    @include font-size($form-feedback-font-size);
    font-style: $form-feedback-font-style;
    color: $color;
  }

  .#{$state}-tooltip {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    z-index: 5;
    display: none;
    max-width: 100%; // Contain to parent when possible
    padding: $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-y $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-x;
    margin-top: .1rem;
    @include font-size($form-feedback-tooltip-font-size);
    line-height: $form-feedback-tooltip-line-height;
    color: $tooltip-color;
    background-color: $tooltip-bg-color;
    @include border-radius($form-feedback-tooltip-border-radius);
  }

  @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
    ~ .#{$state}-feedback,
    ~ .#{$state}-tooltip {
      display: block;
    }
  }

  .form-control {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        padding-right: $input-height-inner;
        background-image: escape-svg($icon);
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: right $input-height-inner-quarter center;
        background-size: $input-height-inner-half $input-height-inner-half;
      }

      &:focus {
        border-color: $color;
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }
    }
  }

  // stylelint-disable-next-line selector-no-qualifying-type
  textarea.form-control {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        padding-right: $input-height-inner;
        background-position: top $input-height-inner-quarter right $input-height-inner-quarter;
      }
    }
  }

  .form-select {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        &:not([multiple]):not([size]),
        &:not([multiple])[size="1"] {
          padding-right: $form-select-feedback-icon-padding-end;
          background-image: escape-svg($form-select-indicator), escape-svg($icon);
          background-position: $form-select-bg-position, $form-select-feedback-icon-position;
          background-size: $form-select-bg-size, $form-select-feedback-icon-size;
        }
      }

      &:focus {
        border-color: $color;
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }
    }
  }

  .form-control-color {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      @if $enable-validation-icons {
        width: add($form-color-width, $input-height-inner);
      }
    }
  }

  .form-check-input {
    @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
      border-color: $color;

      &:checked {
        background-color: $color;
      }

      &:focus {
        box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
      }

      ~ .form-check-label {
        color: $color;
      }
    }
  }
  .form-check-inline .form-check-input {
    ~ .#{$state}-feedback {
      margin-left: .5em;
    }
  }

  .input-group {
    > .form-control:not(:focus),
    > .form-select:not(:focus),
    > .form-floating:not(:focus-within) {
      @include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
        @if $state == "valid" {
          z-index: 3;
        } @else if $state == "invalid" {
          z-index: 4;
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Mapi

Koinei te whakamanatanga mapi Sass mai i _variables.scss. Takahia, whakaroahia ranei tenei ki te whakaputa i nga ahuatanga rereke, taapiri ranei.

$form-validation-states: (
  "valid": (
    "color": $form-feedback-valid-color,
    "icon": $form-feedback-icon-valid
  ),
  "invalid": (
    "color": $form-feedback-invalid-color,
    "icon": $form-feedback-icon-invalid
  )
);

Ka taea e nga Mahere o $form-validation-stateste toru nga tawhā hei whakakore i nga aki taputapu me nga momo arotahi.

Porowhita

Ka whakamahia ki te huri $form-validation-statesi nga uara mapi hei whakaputa i o maatau momo whakamana. Ko nga whakarereketanga ki te mapi Sass i runga ake nei ka kitea i roto i to CSS kua whakahiato ma tenei kopikopiko.

@each $state, $data in $form-validation-states {
  @include form-validation-state($state, $data...);
}

Whakaritea

Ko nga ahuatanga whakamana ka taea te whakarite ma te Sass me te $form-validation-statesmapi. Kei roto i ta maatau _variables.scsskonae, ko tenei mapi Sass te ahua o te whakaputa i nga ahuatanga taunoa valid/ invalidwhakamana. Kei roto ko te mahere kohanga hei whakarite i te tae o ia kawanatanga, te ata, te tae taputapu, me te atarangi arotahi. Ahakoa kaore etahi atu whenua e tautokohia ana e nga kaitirotiro, ka taea e te hunga e whakamahi ana i nga momo ritenga te taapiri i nga urupare puka uaua ake.