Breakpoints te a awm

Concept bulpui ber berte

• Breakpoints hi responsive design siamna atana building block a ni. Viewport emaw device size bik emawa i layout chu engtikah nge a inthlak theih ang tih control nan hmang rawh.

• Media query hmangin i CSS chu breakpoint hmangin architect rawh. Media queries hi CSS feature a ni a, browser leh operating system parameter set atanga style hrang hrang conditionally apply theihna a ni. min-widthKan media zawhnaah kan hmang tam ber .

• Mobile hmasa ber, responsive design hi a tum ber a ni. Bootstrap hian CSS hian layout pakhat chu breakpoint tenau ber a thawh theih nan styles bare minimum hman a tum a, chutah chuan style hrang hrangah layers hmangin device lian zawk tan chu design chu siamrem a tum a ni. Hei hian i CSS a ti tha a, rendering time a ti tha a, i tlawhtute tan experience tha tak a pe bawk.

Breakpoint awm thei te

Bootstrap hian default breakpoint paruk a keng tel a, a then chuan grid tiers tia sawi a ni bawk a , chu chu responsive taka siam nan a ni. Kan source Sass files i hman chuan heng breakpoint te hi i duh angin i siam thei ang.

Breakpoint tinte chu container zau zawng 12-a tam tak awmna container-te chu nuam taka chelh turin thlan a ni a, Breakpoint-te pawh hi device size leh viewport dimension hman tlanglawn subset pakhat aiawhtu a ni bawk—use case emaw device emaw zawng zawng chu a bik takin an target lo. Chu ai chuan, range-te hian eng device pawh nise, a din theihna tur lungphum nghet leh nghet tak a pe zawk a ni.

_variables.scssHeng breakpoint te hi Sass hmanga siam theih a ni—kan stylesheet -ah Sass map-ah i hmu ang .

$grid-breakpoints: (
  xs: 0,
  sm: 576px,
  md: 768px,
  lg: 992px,
  xl: 1200px,
  xxl: 1400px
);

Kan Sass map leh variable te siam danglam dan tur hriat belh leh entirnan Grid documentation a Sass section ah hian en la .

Media lama zawhna awm thei te

Bootstrap hi mobile atana siam hmasak a nih avangin media query tlemte hmangin kan layout leh interface te tan sensible breakpoint kan siam thin. Heng breakpoint te hi a tam zawk chu minimum viewport widths atanga siam a ni a, viewport a inthlak ang zelin elements te kan scale up theih phah a ni.

Min-a zau zawng

Bootstrap hian kan layout, grid system leh component hrang hrangte tan kan source Sass file-ah hian a hnuaia media query range—or breakpoint—te hi a hmang ber a ni.

// Source mixins

// No media query necessary for xs breakpoint as it's effectively `@media (min-width: 0) { ... }`
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(xl) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-up(xxl) { ... }

// Usage

// Example: Hide starting at `min-width: 0`, and then show at the `sm` breakpoint
.custom-class {
  display: none;
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
  .custom-class {
    display: block;
  }
}

Heng Sass mixins te hian kan compiled CSS ah hian kan Sass variables a value declare te hmangin an letling thin. Entir nan:

// X-Small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
// No media query for `xs` since this is the default in Bootstrap

// Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
@media (min-width: 576px) { ... }

// Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
@media (min-width: 768px) { ... }

// Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
@media (min-width: 992px) { ... }

// X-Large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
@media (min-width: 1200px) { ... }

// XX-Large devices (larger desktops, 1400px and up)
@media (min-width: 1400px) { ... }

Max-a zau zawng

Media query kan hmang fo thin a, chu chu kawng danga kal (screen size pek emaw a aia te emaw ):

// No media query necessary for xs breakpoint as it's effectively `@media (max-width: 0) { ... }`
@include media-breakpoint-down(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(xl) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-down(xxl) { ... }

// Example: Style from medium breakpoint and down
@include media-breakpoint-down(md) {
  .custom-class {
    display: block;
  }
}

Heng mixin te hian chu breakpoint puan tawhte chu an la a, chuta tang chuan an paih .02pxchhuak a, kan max-widthvalue atan an hmang thin. Entir nan:

// `xs` returns only a ruleset and no media query
// ... { ... }

// `sm` applies to x-small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
@media (max-width: 575.98px) { ... }

// `md` applies to small devices (landscape phones, less than 768px)
@media (max-width: 767.98px) { ... }

// `lg` applies to medium devices (tablets, less than 992px)
@media (max-width: 991.98px) { ... }

// `xl` applies to large devices (desktops, less than 1200px)
@media (max-width: 1199.98px) { ... }

// `xxl` applies to x-large devices (large desktops, less than 1400px)
@media (max-width: 1399.98px) { ... }

Breakpoint pakhat chauh a awm

Breakpoint width tlem ber leh sang ber hmanga screen size segment pakhat target theihna tur media query leh mixin te pawh a awm bawk.

@include media-breakpoint-only(xs) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(sm) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(md) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(lg) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(xl) { ... }
@include media-breakpoint-only(xxl) { ... }

Entirnan a @include media-breakpoint-only(md) { ... }will result chu :

@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991.98px) { ... }

Breakpoint inkar ah

Chutiang bawkin media query te pawh hian breakpoint width tam tak a huam thei bawk:

@include media-breakpoint-between(md, xl) { ... }

Chu chuan a rah chhuah chu:

// Example
// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) { ... }