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Leagan Amach

Bíodh struchtúr éigin ar d’fhoirmeacha – ó inlíne go feidhmiúcháin chothrománach go greille saincheaptha – lenár roghanna leagan amach foirmeacha.

Ar an leathanach seo

Foirmeacha

<form>Ba cheart go mbeadh eilimint ag gach grúpa de réimsí foirmeacha . Ní sholáthraíonn Bootstrap aon stíliú réamhshocraithe don <form>eilimint, ach tá roinnt gnéithe brabhsálaí cumhachtacha a chuirtear ar fáil de réir réamhshocraithe.

  • Nua ar fhoirmeacha brabhsálaí? Smaoinigh ar na doiciméid fhoirm MDN a athbhreithniú le haghaidh forbhreathnú agus liosta iomlán de na tréithe atá ar fáil.
  • <button>s laistigh de <form>réamhshocrú type="submit", mar sin déan iarracht a bheith sainiúil agus type.

Ós rud é go bhfuil feidhm ag Bootstrap display: blockagus maidir width: 100%lenár rialuithe foirme go léir nach mór, cruachálfar foirmeacha go hingearach de réir réamhshocraithe. Is féidir ranganna breise a úsáid chun an leagan amach seo a athrú de réir foirme.

Fóntais

Is iad fóntais corrlaigh an bealach is éasca chun roinnt struchtúr a chur le foirmeacha. Soláthraíonn siad grúpáil bhunúsach de lipéid, rialuithe, téacs foirme roghnach, agus teachtaireachtaí bailíochtaithe foirmeacha. Molaimid cloí le margin-bottomfóntais, agus úsáid a bhaint as treo amháin ar fud an fhoirm le haghaidh comhsheasmhachta.

Ná bíodh drogall ort d’fhoirmeacha a chur le chéile mar is mian leat, le <fieldset>s, <div>s, nó beagnach aon eilimint eile.

html 
<div class="mb-3">
  <label for="formGroupExampleInput" class="form-label">Example label</label>
  <input type="text" class="form-control" id="formGroupExampleInput" placeholder="Example input placeholder">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
  <label for="formGroupExampleInput2" class="form-label">Another label</label>
  <input type="text" class="form-control" id="formGroupExampleInput2" placeholder="Another input placeholder">
</div>

Foirm greille

Is féidir foirmeacha níos casta a thógáil ag baint úsáide as ár ranganna greille. Úsáid iad seo le haghaidh leagan amach foirmeacha a éilíonn colúin iolracha, leithid éagsúil, agus roghanna ailínithe breise. Éilíonn sé $enable-grid-classesgo mbeidh an athróg Sass cumasaithe (ar siúl de réir réamhshocraithe).

html 
<div class="row">
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="First name" aria-label="First name">
  </div>
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Last name" aria-label="Last name">
  </div>
</div>

gáitéir

Trí ranganna mionathraithe gáitéir a chur leis , is féidir leat smacht a bheith agat ar leithead an gháitéir chomh maith leis an treo inlíne mar bhloc. Éilíonn sé freisin an $enable-grid-classesathróg Sass a chumasú (ar aghaidh de réir réamhshocraithe).

html 
<div class="row g-3">
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="First name" aria-label="First name">
  </div>
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Last name" aria-label="Last name">
  </div>
</div>

Is féidir leagan amach níos casta a chruthú leis an gcóras greille freisin.

html 
<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="inputEmail4" class="form-label">Email</label>
    <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail4">
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="inputPassword4" class="form-label">Password</label>
    <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword4">
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <label for="inputAddress" class="form-label">Address</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputAddress" placeholder="1234 Main St">
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <label for="inputAddress2" class="form-label">Address 2</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputAddress2" placeholder="Apartment, studio, or floor">
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="inputCity" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputCity">
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="inputState" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select id="inputState" class="form-select">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-2">
    <label for="inputZip" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputZip">
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="gridCheck">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="gridCheck">
        Check me out
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
  </div>
</form>

Foirm chothrománach

Cruthaigh foirmeacha cothrománacha leis an eangach tríd an .rowrang a chur le grúpaí foirme agus na .col-*-*ranganna a úsáid chun leithead do lipéid agus do rialtáin a shonrú. Bí cinnte go gcuirfidh .col-form-labeltú le do <label>chuid s freisin ionas go mbeidh siad dírithe go hingearach leis na rialuithe foirme a bhaineann leo.

Uaireanta, b'fhéidir go mbeadh ort úsáid a bhaint as fóntais corrlaigh nó stuála chun an ailíniú foirfe sin a theastaíonn uait a chruthú. Mar shampla, bhaineamar an padding-toplipéad ar ár lipéad ionchuir raidió cruachta chun bunlíne an téacs a ailíniú níos fearr.

Raidiónna
html 
<form>
  <div class="row mb-3">
    <label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail3">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row mb-3">
    <label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Password</label>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3">
    </div>
  </div>
  <fieldset class="row mb-3">
    <legend class="col-form-label col-sm-2 pt-0">Radios</legend>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <div class="form-check">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios1" value="option1" checked>
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios1">
          First radio
        </label>
      </div>
      <div class="form-check">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios2" value="option2">
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios2">
          Second radio
        </label>
      </div>
      <div class="form-check disabled">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios3">
          Third disabled radio
        </label>
      </div>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
  <div class="row mb-3">
    <div class="col-sm-10 offset-sm-2">
      <div class="form-check">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="gridCheck1">
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridCheck1">
          Example checkbox
        </label>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>

Méid lipéad foirme cothrománach

Bí cinnte a úsáid .col-form-label-smnó .col-form-label-lgar do chuid <label>nó <legend>s a leanúint i gceart méid .form-control-lgagus .form-control-sm.

html 
<div class="row mb-3">
  <label for="colFormLabelSm" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label col-form-label-sm">Email</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="email" class="form-control form-control-sm" id="colFormLabelSm" placeholder="col-form-label-sm">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
  <label for="colFormLabel" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="email" class="form-control" id="colFormLabel" placeholder="col-form-label">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="row">
  <label for="colFormLabelLg" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label col-form-label-lg">Email</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="email" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="colFormLabelLg" placeholder="col-form-label-lg">
  </div>
</div>

Méid an cholúin

Mar a léiríodh sna samplaí roimhe seo, ligeann ár gcóras eangaí duit aon líon .cols a chur laistigh de .row. Roinnfidh siad an leithead atá ar fáil go cothrom eatarthu. Is féidir leat fo-thacar de do cholúin a phiocadh freisin chun níos mó spáis nó níos lú a ghlacadh, agus na .cols eile a roinnt go cothrom leis an gcuid eile, le haicmí colúin ar leith mar .col-sm-7.

html 
<div class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-sm-7">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="City" aria-label="City">
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="State" aria-label="State">
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Zip" aria-label="Zip">
  </div>
</div>

Uathmhéadú

Úsáideann an sampla thíos áirgiúlacht flexbox chun an t-ábhar a lárú go hingearach agus athraíonn .colsé .col-autoé ionas nach nglacfaidh do cholúin ach an oiread spáis agus is gá. Cuir ar bhealach eile, na méideanna colún féin bunaithe ar an ábhar.

@
html 
<form class="row gy-2 gx-3 align-items-center">
  <div class="col-auto">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="autoSizingInput">Name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="autoSizingInput" placeholder="Jane Doe">
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="autoSizingInputGroup">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <div class="input-group-text">@</div>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="autoSizingInputGroup" placeholder="Username">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="autoSizingSelect">Preference</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="autoSizingSelect">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="autoSizingCheck">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="autoSizingCheck">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>

Is féidir leat é sin a athmhúnlú arís le ranganna colúin a bhaineann go sonrach le méid.

@
html 
<form class="row gx-3 gy-2 align-items-center">
  <div class="col-sm-3">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="specificSizeInputName">Name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="specificSizeInputName" placeholder="Jane Doe">
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm-3">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="specificSizeInputGroupUsername">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <div class="input-group-text">@</div>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="specificSizeInputGroupUsername" placeholder="Username">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm-3">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="specificSizeSelect">Preference</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="specificSizeSelect">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="autoSizingCheck2">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="autoSizingCheck2">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>

Foirmeacha inlíne

Bain úsáid as na .row-cols-*ranganna chun leagan amach cothrománach sofhreagrach a chruthú. Trí ranganna modhnóirí gutter a chur leis , beidh gáitéir againn i dtreonna cothrománacha agus ingearacha. Ar na hamharcphointí cúnga soghluaiste, .col-12cabhraíonn na rialtáin fhoirmeacha agus go leor eile a chruachadh. Ailíníonn na .align-items-centerheilimintí foirm go dtí an lár, ag déanamh an .form-checkailínithe i gceart.

@
html 
<form class="row row-cols-lg-auto g-3 align-items-center">
  <div class="col-12">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="inlineFormInputGroupUsername">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <div class="input-group-text">@</div>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inlineFormInputGroupUsername" placeholder="Username">
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="col-12">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="inlineFormSelectPref">Preference</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="inlineFormSelectPref">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
  </div>

  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="inlineFormCheck">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="inlineFormCheck">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="col-12">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>