Bailíochtú
Tabhair aiseolas luachmhar inghníomhaithe do d'úsáideoirí le bailíochtú foirm HTML5, trí iompraíochtaí réamhshocraithe brabhsálaí nó trí stíleanna saincheaptha agus trí JavaScript.
Conas a oibríonn sé
Seo mar a oibríonn bailíochtú foirmeacha le Bootstrap:
- Cuirtear bailíochtú foirm HTML i bhfeidhm trí dhá rang bhréige CSS,
:invalid
agus:valid
. Baineann sé le<input>
,<select>
, agus<textarea>
eilimintí. - Déanann Bootstrap na stíleanna
:invalid
agus na stíleanna chuig an rang:valid
tuismitheora a scóip, a chuirtear i bhfeidhm go hiondúil ar an . Seachas sin, taispeánann aon réimse riachtanach gan luach go bhfuil sé neamhbhailí ar ualach an leathanaigh. Ar an mbealach seo, is féidir leat a roghnú cathain a ghníomhachtú iad (go hiondúil tar éis iarracht a dhéanamh an fhoirm a chur isteach)..was-validated
<form>
- Chun cuma na foirme a athshocrú (mar shampla, i gcás aighneachtaí foirme dinimiciúla ag baint úsáide as AJAX), bain an
.was-validated
rang den rang<form>
arís tar éis í a chur isteach. - Mar chúltaca,
.is-invalid
is.is-valid
féidir ranganna a úsáid in ionad na bréige-ranganna le haghaidh bailíochtaithe ar thaobh an fhreastalaí . Níl.was-validated
rang tuismitheora ag teastáil uathu. - Mar gheall ar shrianta ar an gcaoi a n-oibríonn CSS, ní féidir linn (faoi láthair) stíleanna a chur i bhfeidhm ar
<label>
fhoirm a thagann roimh rialú foirme sa DOM gan cabhair ó JavaScript saincheaptha. - Tacaíonn gach brabhsálaí nua-aimseartha leis an API bailíochtaithe srianta , sraith de mhodhanna JavaScript chun rialuithe foirmeacha a bhailíochtú.
- Féadfaidh teachtaireachtaí aiseolais úsáid a bhaint as réamhshocruithe an bhrabhsálaí (difriúil do gach brabhsálaí, agus neamhshonraithe trí CSS) nó ár stíleanna aiseolais saincheaptha le HTML agus CSS breise.
- Is féidir leat teachtaireachtaí saincheaptha bailíochta a sholáthar
setCustomValidity
i JavaScript.
Agus é sin san áireamh, smaoinigh ar na taispeántais seo a leanas dár stíleanna bailíochtaithe foirmeacha saincheaptha, ranganna roghnacha ar thaobh an fhreastalaí, agus mainneachtainí brabhsálaí.
Stíleanna saincheaptha
Le haghaidh teachtaireachtaí bailíochtaithe foirme Bootstrap saincheaptha, beidh ort an novalidate
aitreabúid Boole a chur le do <form>
. Díchumasaíonn sé seo leideanna uirlisí aiseolais réamhshocraithe an bhrabhsálaí, ach soláthraíonn sé rochtain fós ar na APIanna bailíochtaithe foirmeacha i JavaScript. Déan iarracht an fhoirm thíos a chur isteach; Idircheapfaidh ár JavaScript an cnaipe cuir isteach agus seolfaidh sé aiseolas chugat. Agus tú ag iarraidh cur isteach, feicfidh tú na stíleanna :invalid
agus na :valid
stíleanna a chuirtear i bhfeidhm ar rialuithe d'fhoirme.
Cuireann stíleanna aiseolais saincheaptha dathanna saincheaptha, teorainneacha, stíleanna fócais agus deilbhíní cúlra i bhfeidhm chun aiseolas a chur in iúl níos fearr. Níl deilbhíní cúlra le haghaidh <select>
s ar fáil ach le .form-select
, agus ní .form-control
.
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustom02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationCustomUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustomUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationCustom03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom03" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationCustom04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationCustom05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationCustom05" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
// Example starter JavaScript for disabling form submissions if there are invalid fields
(function () {
'use strict'
// Fetch all the forms we want to apply custom Bootstrap validation styles to
var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation')
// Loop over them and prevent submission
Array.prototype.slice.call(forms)
.forEach(function (form) {
form.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
if (!form.checkValidity()) {
event.preventDefault()
event.stopPropagation()
}
form.classList.add('was-validated')
}, false)
})
})()
Réamhshocruithe brabhsálaí
Nach bhfuil suim agat i dteachtaireachtaí aiseolais bailíochtaithe saincheaptha nó i scríobh JavaScript chun iompraíochtaí foirm a athrú? Gach go maith, is féidir leat úsáid a bhaint as an bhrabhsálaí réamhshocraithe. Déan iarracht an fhoirm thíos a chur isteach. Ag brath ar do bhrabhsálaí agus OS, feicfidh tú stíl aiseolais atá beagán difriúil.
Cé nach féidir na stíleanna aiseolais seo a stíliú le CSS, is féidir leat an téacs aiseolais a shaincheapadh fós trí JavaScript.
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault01" value="Mark" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefault02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault02" value="Otto" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationDefaultUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend2">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefaultUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend2" required>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationDefault03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault03" required>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationDefault04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationDefault05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationDefault05" required>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck2" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck2">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Taobh an fhreastalaí
Molaimid bailíochtú taobh an chliaint a úsáid, ach ar eagla go dteastaíonn bailíochtú ar thaobh an fhreastalaí uait, is féidir leat réimsí foirme neamhbhailí agus bailí a chur in iúl le .is-invalid
agus .is-valid
. Tabhair faoi deara go .invalid-feedback
dtacaítear leis na ranganna seo freisin.
Maidir le réimsí neamhbhailí, cinntigh go bhfuil baint ag an aischothú/teachtaireacht earráide neamhbhailí leis an réimse foirme ábhartha ag baint úsáide as aria-describedby
(ag tabhairt faoi deara go gceadaíonn an tréith seo níos mó ná ceann amháin id
a thagairt, ar eagla go díríonn an réimse ar théacs foirme breise cheana féin).
Chun fadhbanna a réiteach le gathanna teorann.has-validation
, teastaíonn rang breise ó ghrúpaí ionchuir .
<form class="row g-3">
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServer02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="validationServer02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-feedback">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<label for="validationServerUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="inputGroupPrepend3">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServerUsername" aria-describedby="inputGroupPrepend3 validationServerUsernameFeedback" required>
<div id="validationServerUsernameFeedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<label for="validationServer03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer03" aria-describedby="validationServer03Feedback" required>
<div id="validationServer03Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select is-invalid" id="validationServer04" aria-describedby="validationServer04Feedback" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div id="validationServer04Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<label for="validationServer05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationServer05" aria-describedby="validationServer05Feedback" required>
<div id="validationServer05Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input is-invalid" type="checkbox" value="" id="invalidCheck3" aria-describedby="invalidCheck3Feedback" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="invalidCheck3">
Agree to terms and conditions
</label>
<div id="invalidCheck3Feedback" class="invalid-feedback">
You must agree before submitting.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Eilimintí tacaithe
Tá stíleanna bailíochtaithe ar fáil do na rialuithe foirme agus na gcomhpháirteanna seo a leanas:
<input>
s agus<textarea>
s le.form-control
(lena n-áirítear suas le duine amháin.form-control
i ngrúpaí ionchuir)<select>
s le.form-select
.form-check
s
<form class="was-validated">
<div class="mb-3">
<label for="validationTextarea" class="form-label">Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control is-invalid" id="validationTextarea" placeholder="Required example textarea" required></textarea>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please enter a message in the textarea.
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck1" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck1">Check this checkbox</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck2" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck2">Toggle this radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check mb-3">
<input type="radio" class="form-check-input" id="validationFormCheck3" name="radio-stacked" required>
<label class="form-check-label" for="validationFormCheck3">Or toggle this other radio</label>
<div class="invalid-feedback">More example invalid feedback text</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<select class="form-select" required aria-label="select example">
<option value="">Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid select feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<input type="file" class="form-control" aria-label="file example" required>
<div class="invalid-feedback">Example invalid form file feedback</div>
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" disabled>Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Leideanna uirlisí
Má cheadaíonn leagan amach d’fhoirme é, is féidir leat na ranganna a mhalartú le .{valid|invalid}-feedback
haghaidh .{valid|invalid}-tooltip
ranganna chun aiseolas bailíochtaithe a thaispeáint i leid uirlisí stílithe. Bí cinnte go bhfuil tuismitheoir in éineacht leis chun leideanna position: relative
uirlisí a aimsiú. Sa sampla thíos, tá sé seo ag ár ranganna colún cheana féin, ach d'fhéadfadh go mbeadh socrú eile ag teastáil ó do thionscadal.
<form class="row g-3 needs-validation" novalidate>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip01" class="form-label">First name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip01" value="Mark" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip02" class="form-label">Last name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip02" value="Otto" required>
<div class="valid-tooltip">
Looks good!
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltipUsername" class="form-label">Username</label>
<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text" id="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltipUsername" aria-describedby="validationTooltipUsernamePrepend" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please choose a unique and valid username.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip03" class="form-label">City</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip03" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid city.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip04" class="form-label">State</label>
<select class="form-select" id="validationTooltip04" required>
<option selected disabled value="">Choose...</option>
<option>...</option>
</select>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please select a valid state.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 position-relative">
<label for="validationTooltip05" class="form-label">Zip</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validationTooltip05" required>
<div class="invalid-tooltip">
Please provide a valid zip.
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Submit form</button>
</div>
</form>
Sass
Athróga
$form-feedback-margin-top: $form-text-margin-top;
$form-feedback-font-size: $form-text-font-size;
$form-feedback-font-style: $form-text-font-style;
$form-feedback-valid-color: $success;
$form-feedback-invalid-color: $danger;
$form-feedback-icon-valid-color: $form-feedback-valid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-valid: url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'><path fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-valid-color}' d='M2.3 6.73L.6 4.53c-.4-1.04.46-1.4 1.1-.8l1.1 1.4 3.4-3.8c.6-.63 1.6-.27 1.2.7l-4 4.6c-.43.5-.8.4-1.1.1z'/></svg>");
$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color: $form-feedback-invalid-color;
$form-feedback-icon-invalid: url("data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 12 12' width='12' height='12' fill='none' stroke='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}'><circle cx='6' cy='6' r='4.5'/><path stroke-linejoin='round' d='M5.8 3.6h.4L6 6.5z'/><circle cx='6' cy='8.2' r='.6' fill='#{$form-feedback-icon-invalid-color}' stroke='none'/></svg>");
Meascáin
Cuirtear dhá mheascán le chéile, tríd ár lúb , chun ár stíleanna aiseolais um bhailíochtú foirmeacha a ghiniúint.
@mixin form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if ($state == "valid" or $state == "invalid") {
.was-validated #{if(&, "&", "")}:#{$state},
#{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
@content;
}
} @else {
#{if(&, "&", "")}.is-#{$state} {
@content;
}
}
}
@mixin form-validation-state(
$state,
$color,
$icon,
$tooltip-color: color-contrast($color),
$tooltip-bg-color: rgba($color, $form-feedback-tooltip-opacity),
$focus-box-shadow: 0 0 $input-btn-focus-blur $input-focus-width rgba($color, $input-btn-focus-color-opacity)
) {
.#{$state}-feedback {
display: none;
width: 100%;
margin-top: $form-feedback-margin-top;
@include font-size($form-feedback-font-size);
font-style: $form-feedback-font-style;
color: $color;
}
.#{$state}-tooltip {
position: absolute;
top: 100%;
z-index: 5;
display: none;
max-width: 100%; // Contain to parent when possible
padding: $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-y $form-feedback-tooltip-padding-x;
margin-top: .1rem;
@include font-size($form-feedback-tooltip-font-size);
line-height: $form-feedback-tooltip-line-height;
color: $tooltip-color;
background-color: $tooltip-bg-color;
@include border-radius($form-feedback-tooltip-border-radius);
}
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
~ .#{$state}-feedback,
~ .#{$state}-tooltip {
display: block;
}
}
.form-control {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
@if $enable-validation-icons {
padding-right: $input-height-inner;
background-image: escape-svg($icon);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: right $input-height-inner-quarter center;
background-size: $input-height-inner-half $input-height-inner-half;
}
&:focus {
border-color: $color;
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
}
}
// stylelint-disable-next-line selector-no-qualifying-type
textarea.form-control {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if $enable-validation-icons {
padding-right: $input-height-inner;
background-position: top $input-height-inner-quarter right $input-height-inner-quarter;
}
}
}
.form-select {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
@if $enable-validation-icons {
&:not([multiple]):not([size]),
&:not([multiple])[size="1"] {
padding-right: $form-select-feedback-icon-padding-end;
background-image: escape-svg($form-select-indicator), escape-svg($icon);
background-position: $form-select-bg-position, $form-select-feedback-icon-position;
background-size: $form-select-bg-size, $form-select-feedback-icon-size;
}
}
&:focus {
border-color: $color;
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
}
}
.form-check-input {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
border-color: $color;
&:checked {
background-color: $color;
}
&:focus {
box-shadow: $focus-box-shadow;
}
~ .form-check-label {
color: $color;
}
}
}
.form-check-inline .form-check-input {
~ .#{$state}-feedback {
margin-left: .5em;
}
}
.input-group .form-control,
.input-group .form-select {
@include form-validation-state-selector($state) {
@if $state == "valid" {
z-index: 1;
} @else if $state == "invalid" {
z-index: 2;
}
&:focus {
z-index: 3;
}
}
}
}
Léarscáil
Seo é an léarscáil bailíochtaithe Sass ó _variables.scss
. Déan é seo a shárú nó a leathnú chun stáit éagsúla nó breise a ghiniúint.
$form-validation-states: (
"valid": (
"color": $form-feedback-valid-color,
"icon": $form-feedback-icon-valid
),
"invalid": (
"color": $form-feedback-invalid-color,
"icon": $form-feedback-icon-invalid
)
);
Is féidir trí pharaiméadar roghnacha a bheith ar léarscáileanna $form-validation-states
chun leideanna uirlisí agus stíleanna fócasaithe a shárú.
Lúb
Úsáidtear é chun $form-validation-states
luachanna léarscáile a athrá chun ár stíleanna bailíochtaithe a ghiniúint. Léireofar aon athruithe ar an léarscáil Sass thuas i do CSS tiomsaithe tríd an lúb seo.
@each $state, $data in $form-validation-states {
@include form-validation-state($state, $data...);
}
Saincheapadh
Is féidir stáit bhailíochtaithe a shaincheapadh trí Sass leis an $form-validation-states
léarscáil. Lonnaithe inár gcomhad, is é an léarscáil Sass seo an chaoi a ndéanaimid na stáit réamhshocraithe / bailíochtaithe _variables.scss
a ghiniúint . San áireamh tá léarscáil neadaithe chun dath, deilbhín, dath leideanna uirlisí agus scáth fócais gach stáit a shaincheapadh. Cé nach dtacaíonn brabhsálaithe le stát ar bith eile, is féidir leo siúd a úsáideann stíleanna saincheaptha aiseolas foirmeacha níos casta a chur leo go héasca.valid
invalid
Tabhair faoi deara le do thoil nach molaimid $form-validation-states
luachanna a shaincheapadh gan an form-validation-state
mixin a mhodhnú freisin .